Linked Life Data

16546341

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/16546341

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1
pubmed:dateCreated
2006-8-28
pubmed:abstractText
Emerging resistance among Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole continues to compromise orally administered therapy for community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Concern also exists that multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae strains could develop fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR). S. pneumoniae (2379 strains), H. influenzae (2456), and Moraxella catarrhalis (901) studied as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program in 2003 were tested by reference MIC methods against 16 antimicrobials. In addition, 592 strains of S. pneumoniae from 1999 to 2003 were assessed for trends in MDR occurrences. H. influenzae beta-lactamase production varied from 11.6% in Latin America to 27.3% in North America, whereas beta-lactamase rates for M. catarrhalis remained stable at 94.7-95.6%. Penicillin resistance (MIC, > or =2 microg/mL) in S. pneumoniae was 14.7%, 12.7%, and 15.9% for Europe, Latin America, and North America, respectively. MDR S. pneumoniae increased from 5.7% (1999) to 6.3% (2003) in North America, but no FQR increase to new agents (gatifloxacin) was detected in the 2001-2003 MDR S. pneumoniae isolates. Five epidemic clusters of FQR S. pneumoniae (levofloxacin MIC, >32 microg/mL) strains have been reported by our group previously in Italian medical centers in 2002-2004. Unlike the strains described here, those strains were susceptible to beta-lactams, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and rifampin, and resistant to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B agents and tetracycline (not meeting MDR criteria). Excluding these clones from Italy, overall FQR rates did not significantly vary from the prior years' experience across the regions (North America > Europe > Latin America). In conclusion, MDR and FQR S. pneumoniae continue to occur across all geographic regions monitored with some detectable clonality. The monitoring of emerging resistance as part of surveillance programs is useful in differentiating sporadic from clonal resistances, an important distinction when assessing prospective public health interventions or empiric therapy recommendations.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0732-8893
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
56
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
69-74
pubmed:dateRevised
2006-11-15
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2006
pubmed:articleTitle
Emergence of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1999-2003).
pubmed:affiliation
JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA 52317, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Multicenter Study