Linked Life Data

16480263

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/16480263

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
4
pubmed:dateCreated
2006-2-16
pubmed:abstractText
Previously, our laboratory showed that the oxymethyl-modified coumarinic acid (OMCA) cyclic prodrug of the opioid peptide DADLE ([D-Ala2,D-Leu5]-Enk, H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-OH) exhibited low permeation across both the intestinal mucosa and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This low cell permeation arose from its strong substrate activity for efflux transporters in these biological barriers. In an attempt to determine whether the chirality of the amino acid asymmetric centers could influence the solution structure of the cyclic prodrugs and thus their substrate activities for efflux transporters, we synthesized cyclic prodrugs of the opioid peptides H-Tyr-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-OH ([Ala2,D-Leu5]-Enk), H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH ([D-Ala2,Leu5]-Enk), and H-Tyr-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH ([Ala2,Leu5]-Enk). In an attempt to determine whether the chemical linker (OMCA) bestowed efflux substrate activity on the cyclic prodrugs, we synthesized capped linear derivatives (acetylated on the N-terminal and amidated on the C-terminal end) of [Ala2,D-Leu5]-Enk, [D-Ala2,Leu5]-Enk, and [Ala2,Leu5]-Enk. The solution conformations of the cyclic prodrugs were determined by molecular dynamics simulations using two-dimensional NMR data. The physicochemical properties (molecular surface area, polar surface area, and cLogP) were estimated computationally using Sybyl. Cell permeation characteristics were assessed using Caco-2 cells in the presence and absence of known inhibitors of efflux transporters. Despite apparent differences in their solution conformations and their physicochemical properties, the cyclic prodrugs of DADLE, [Ala2,D-Leu5]-Enk, [D-Ala2,Leu5]-Enk, and [Ala2,Leu5]-Enk all exhibited strong substrate activity for efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells. In contrast, the capped linear derivatives of [Ala2,D-Leu5]-Enk, [D-Ala2,Leu5]-Enk, and [Ala2,Leu5]-Enk exhibited very poor substrate activity for efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells. Therefore, the substrate activities of the cyclic prodrugs for efflux transporters in Caco-2 cells and in the intestinal mucosa and the BBB in vivo are most likely due to the chemical linker used to prepare these molecules and/or its effect on solution structures of the prodrugs.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Feb
pubmed:issn
0022-2623
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
23
pubmed:volume
49
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
1261-70
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2006
pubmed:articleTitle
Effects of amino acid chirality and the chemical linker on the cell permeation characteristics of cyclic prodrugs of opioid peptides.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural