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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
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pubmed:issue |
2
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2006-1-23
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pubmed:abstractText |
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) recognizes unmethylated CpG dinucleotides which are abundant in prokaryotic DNA and yet are rare in eukaryotic DNA. Little is known about the significance of TLR-9 in terms of recognition of different bacterial DNA species. In this study HEK293 cells stably transfected with human TLR-9 were used to analyze the immunostimulatory properties of 15 bacterial DNA preparations. In addition, bacterial genome data were analyzed for the frequency of unmethylated cytosine-guanosine ([CG]) dinucleotides. We observed that DNA samples of different bacteria showed considerable differences in their potential to stimulate TLR-9. This correlated with the frequency of [CG] dinucleotides. Based upon data from our experiments the estimate of immunostimulatory bacterial DNA concentrations translated to as high as 10(9) bacteria/ml. Application of the transfection reagent DOTAP resulted in a more efficient delivery of DNA into the cell, and this went along with increased TLR-9 activation. The data indicate that bacterial DNA preparations from different species differ in their capacity to activate TLR-9, which is dependent on the individual [CG] content. Moreover, increased intracellular delivery results in a marked enhancement of immunostimulation.
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pubmed:commentsCorrections |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-10084699,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-10399010,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-10510342,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-10933941,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-11130078,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-11470918,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-11564765,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-11675371,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-11981808,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-12115616,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-12437070,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-12540566,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-12900525,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-1376349,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-14634101,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-14716310,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-14976262,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-15325758,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-15345224,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-15778393,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-15879108,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-6200641,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-7700380,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-9103425,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-9247576,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-9363937,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-9770537,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/16428738-9799232
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Feb
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pubmed:issn |
0019-9567
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:volume |
74
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
940-6
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2009-11-18
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Bacteria,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Cell Line,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-CpG Islands,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-DNA, Bacterial,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Macrophages,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Mice,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Oligodeoxyribonucleotides,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Species Specificity,
pubmed-meshheading:16428738-Toll-Like Receptor 9
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pubmed:year |
2006
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Activation of toll-like receptor 9 by DNA from different bacterial species.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Hygiene Institute, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. alexander.dalpke@med.uni-heidelberg.de
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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