Linked Life Data

15858975

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/15858975

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
4
pubmed:dateCreated
2005-4-29
pubmed:abstractText
Postcolumn derivatization reactions can enhance detector sensitivity and selectivity, but their successful combination with capillary liquid chromatography has been limited because of the small peak volumes in capillary chromatography. A capillary Taylor reactor (CTR), developed in our laboratory, provides simple and effective mixing and reaction in a 25-microm-radius postcolumn capillary. Homogenization of reactant streams occurs by radial diffusion, and a chemical reaction follows. Three characteristic times for a given reaction process can be predicted using simple physical and chemical parameters. Two of these times are the homogenization time, which governs how long it takes the molecules in the analyte and reagent streams to mix, and the reaction time, which governs how long the molecules in a homogeneous solution take to react. The third characteristic time is an adjustment to the reaction time called the start time, which represents an estimate of the average time the analyte stream spends without exposure to reagent. In this study, laser-induced fluorescence monitored the extent of the postcolumn reaction (reduction of Os(bpy)3(3+) by analyte to the photoluminescent Os(bpy)3(2+)) in a CTR. The reaction time depends on the reaction rates. Analysis of product versus time data yielded second-order reaction rate constants between the PFET reagent, tris(2,2'-bipyridine)osmium, and standards ((ferrocenylmethyl)trimethylammonium cation and p-hydroquinone) or catechols (dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. The extent of the reactions in a CTR were then predicted from initial reaction conditions and compared to experimental results. Both the theory and experimental results suggested the reactions of catechols were generally kinetically controlled, while those of the standards were controlled by mixing time (1-2 s). Thus, the extent of homogenization can be monitored in a CTR using the relatively fast reaction of the reagent and p-hydroquinone. Kinetically controlled reactions of catechols, however, could be also completed in a reasonable time at increased reagent concentration. A satisfactory reactor, operating at 1.7 cm/s (2 microL/min) velocity with solutes having diffusion coefficients in the 5 x 10(-6) cm2/s range, can be constructed from 8.0 cm of 25-microm-radius capillary. Slower reactions require longer reaction times, but theoretical calculations expect that a CTR does not broaden a chromatographic peak (N = 14 000) from a 100-microm-capillary chromatography column by 10% if the pseudo-first-order rate constant is larger than 0.1 s(-1).
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-10221071, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-11055711, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-11678205, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-12236370, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-12459898, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-12597631, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-14750858, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-14753787, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-2096730, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-2592478, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-6031636, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-8779410, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15858975-9923085
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Feb
pubmed:issn
0003-2700
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
15
pubmed:volume
77
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
974-82
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-9-26
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2005
pubmed:articleTitle
Influence of chemical kinetics on postcolumn reaction in a capillary Taylor reactor with catechol analytes and photoluminescence following electron transfer.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Chevron Science Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural