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pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:abstractTextToxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), produced by Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant S. aureus), is a superantigenic toxin responsible for toxic shock syndrome as well as neonatal TSS-like exanthematous disease. TSST-1 exhibits its deleterious effects by leading to the abnormal proliferation of, e.g., Vbeta2+ T cells and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines. In the present study we examined the inhibitory effect of a Chinese herbal extract, anisodamine, on TSST-1 using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Anisodamine inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines better than interleukin-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine). The inhibitory effect of anisodamine was greater than that of any tropane alkaloid examined. Anisodamine acted directly on both monocytes and T cells in human PBMCs, and the effect was confirmed at the transcriptional level. Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation was also demonstrated. In contrast, no significant inhibition of Vbeta2+ T-cell proliferation was observed. In mice injected with TSST-1, anisodamine treatment significantly decreased serum proinflammatory cytokine levels and prevented TSST-1-induced death. These results suggest that anisodamine specifically acts against the production of cytokines (inflammatory cytokines in particular) and not against Vbeta2+ T-cell proliferation and that anisodamine may have a beneficial effect on TSST-1-associated disease.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:authorpubmed-author:YamamotoTatsu...lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:authorpubmed-author:KushiyaKojiKlld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:dateRevised2010-9-21lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:articleTitleSpecific inhibitory action of anisodamine against a staphylococcal superantigenic toxin, toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), leading to down-regulation of cytokine production and blocking of TSST-1 toxicity in mice.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:affiliationDivision of Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Disease Control and International Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Ichibanchou, Asahimachidori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:15753253pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed