15596088

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/15596088

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Predicate	Object
rdf:type	pubmed:Citation
lifeskim:mentions	umls-concept:C0001969, umls-concept:C0006434, umls-concept:C0020964, umls-concept:C0021853, umls-concept:C0173022, umls-concept:C0221099, umls-concept:C0282583, umls-concept:C0542341, umls-concept:C1524003, umls-concept:C2349975
pubmed:issue	3
pubmed:dateCreated	2004-12-14
pubmed:abstractText	Alcohol intoxication is being recognized increasingly as the major factor in pathogenesis after burn injury. Findings from multiple studies support the suggestion that, in comparison with burn-injured patients who sustained injury in the absence of alcohol intoxication, burn-injured patients who sustained injury under the influence of alcohol exhibit higher rates of infection and are more likely to die. Thus, infection becomes the primary cause of death in burn-injured patients. Because the intestine is considered to be a major source of bacteria, studies in experimental animals have been designed to examine whether alcohol intoxication before burn injury enhances bacterial translocation from the intestine. Results of these studies have shown a several-fold increase in bacterial translocation from the intestine in the group of animals receiving combined insult of alcohol intoxication and burn injury compared with findings for the groups receiving either insult alone. Alcohol intoxication and burn injury independent of each other have also been shown to cause an increase in bacterial translocation. The gastrointestinal tract normally maintains a physical mucosal and immunologic barrier that provides an effective defense in keeping bacteria within the intestinal lumen. However, in injury conditions these defense mechanisms are impaired. Intestinal bacteria consequently gain access to extraintestinal sites. Intestine-derived bacteria are implicated in causing systemic infection and in subsequent multiple organ dysfunction in both immunocompromised patients and patients with injury, such as burn and trauma. In this article, we discuss three potential mechanisms that are likely to contribute to the increase in bacterial translocation in alcohol intoxication and burn injury: (1) increase in bacterial growth in the intestine, (2) physical disruption of mucosal barrier of the intestine, and (3) suppression of the immune defense in the intestine.
pubmed:grant	http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/grant/AA12901
pubmed:language	eng
pubmed:journal	http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/journal/8502311
pubmed:citationSubset	IM
pubmed:status	MEDLINE
pubmed:month	Jul
pubmed:issn	0741-8329
pubmed:author	pubmed-author:ChoudhryMashkoor AMA, pubmed-author:GamelliRichard LRL, pubmed-author:KavanaughMichael JMJ, pubmed-author:KovacsElizabeth JEJ, pubmed-author:RanaShadab NSN, pubmed-author:SayeedMohammed MMM
pubmed:issnType	Print
pubmed:volume	33
pubmed:owner	NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete	Y
pubmed:pagination	199-208
pubmed:dateRevised	2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading	pubmed-meshheading:15596088-Alcoholic Intoxication, pubmed-meshheading:15596088-Bacterial Translocation, pubmed-meshheading:15596088-Burns, pubmed-meshheading:15596088-Humans, pubmed-meshheading:15596088-Intestinal Mucosa
pubmed:year	2004
pubmed:articleTitle	Impaired intestinal immunity and barrier function: a cause for enhanced bacterial translocation in alcohol intoxication and burn injury.
pubmed:affiliation	Center for Surgical Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. mashkoor.choudhry@ccc.uab.edu
pubmed:publicationType	Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review