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Current guidelines recommend that only tonsillopharyngitis due to group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) diagnosed by rapid diagnostic test should be treated with antibiotics. Empirical antibiotic therapy must be based on epidemiological surveillance of resistance of GABHS to antibiotics. The aim of our study was to assess the activity of antimicrobial agents currently recommended for the treatment of GABHS tonsillopharyngitis. Method The activity of penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefaclor, cefpodoxime, cefuroxime, erythromycin, clarithromycin and clindamycin was determined against 93 consecutive GABHS isolates collected in 2002. MIC50 and MIC90 of antibiotics tested were determined by agar dilution method according to CA-SFM guidelines. Macrolide resistance genes (ermA, ermB, mef) were detected by PCR. Genetic diversity of erythromycin-resistant isolates was analysed by pulsotypic method after digestion by SmaI (Finger-printing II, Biorad).
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