Linked Life Data

15215115

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/15215115

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
7
pubmed:dateCreated
2004-6-24
pubmed:abstractText
The antibacterial effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate in two formulations, pharmacokinetically enhanced 16:1 amoxicillin-clavulanate twice a day (b.i.d.) and standard 7:1 amoxicillin-clavulanate b.i.d., were studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection. Five strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and two of Haemophilus influenzae, all associated with raised MICs (2 to 8 mg/liter), were used. The antibacterial effect was measured over 24 h by the area under the bacterial kill curve (AUBKC) and the log change in viable count at 24 h (Delta24). A high 10(8) CFU/ml and low 10(6) CFU/ml initial inocula were used. Employing the Delta24 effect measure, the time above MIC (T>MIC) 50% maximum effect (EC(50)) for S. pneumoniae was in the range 21 to 28% with an 80% maximal response of 41 to 51%, for the AUBKC measure, the value was 26 to 39%, irrespective of inoculum. For H. influenzae, the T>MIC EC(50) was 28 to 37%, and the 80% maximum response was 32 to 48% for the Delta24 measure and 20 to 48% for AUBKC. The maximum response occurred at a T>MIC of 50 to 60% for both species and inocula. The S. pneumoniae data were analyzed by analysis of variance to assess the effect of inoculum, formulation, and MIC on antibacterial effect. Standard and enhanced formulations had different effects depending on MIC, with the standard formulation less effective at higher amoxicillin-clavulanate MICs. This is explained by the greater T>MICs of the enhanced formulation. Although resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate by conventional breakpoints, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae strains for which MICs are 2 or 4 mg/liter may well respond to therapy with pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation amoxicillin-clavulanate.
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-10390203, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-10660511, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-11257018, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-11354391, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-11850273, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-12390283, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-12839703, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-14759230, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-3139779, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-8852915, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15215115-9869561
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jul
pubmed:issn
0066-4804
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
48
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
2599-603
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-18
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2004
pubmed:articleTitle
Antibacterial effects of amoxicillin-clavulanate against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae strains for which MICs are high, in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
pubmed:affiliation
Bristol Centre for Antimicrobial Research & Evaluation, Department of Medical Microbiology, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom. alasdair.macgowan@north-bristol.swest.nhs.uk
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Comparative Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't