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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
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pubmed:issue |
5
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pubmed:dateCreated |
2004-5-27
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pubmed:abstractText |
The adaptive immune system functions through the combined action of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells. Specifically, class I major histocompatibility complex antigen presentation to CD8(+) T cells is limited to proteosome-generated peptides from intracellular pathogens while the class II (MHCII) endocytic pathway presents only proteolytic peptides from extracellular pathogens to CD4(+) T cells. Carbohydrates have been thought to stimulate immune responses independently of T cells; however, zwitterionic polysaccharides (ZPSs) from the capsules of some bacteria can activate CD4(+) T cells. Here we show that ZPSs are processed to low molecular weight carbohydrates by a nitric oxide-mediated mechanism and presented to T cells through the MHCII endocytic pathway. Furthermore, these carbohydrates bind to MHCII inside APCs for presentation to T cells. Our observations begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which some carbohydrates induce important immunologic responses through T cell activation, suggesting a fundamental shift in the MHCII presentation paradigm.
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pubmed:grant |
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pubmed:commentsCorrections |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-10072072,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-10395684,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-10485263,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-10623815,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-10702228,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11006547,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11106392,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11256573,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11441096,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11470905,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11560940,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11679166,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11734857,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-11834376,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12444118,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12446177,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12471156,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12484751,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12574364,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-12644727,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-1373132,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-1448172,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-15163404,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-1517250,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-2366863,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-3753016,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-3872331,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-6234359,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-6816270,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-7479866,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-7596415,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-7719350,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-7927768,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-7985027,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-8078904,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-8211161,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-8535779,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-8941648,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-8941671,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9126984,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9143708,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9616206,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9751750,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9765288,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9768757,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9841833,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/15163414-9973499
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
May
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pubmed:issn |
0092-8674
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:day |
28
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pubmed:volume |
117
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
677-87
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2010-12-17
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Antigen Presentation,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Antigen-Presenting Cells,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Endocytosis,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Histocompatibility Antigens Class II,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Mice,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Polysaccharides,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell,
pubmed-meshheading:15163414-T-Lymphocytes
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pubmed:year |
2004
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Polysaccharide processing and presentation by the MHCII pathway.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.,
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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