Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/14727880
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| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| rdf:type | |
| lifeskim:mentions | |
| pubmed:issue |
2
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| pubmed:dateCreated |
2004-1-19
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| pubmed:abstractText |
In a systematic effort to develop a dual-function intravaginal spermicide as well as a drug delivery vehicle against sexually transmitted pathogens, a submicron particle size (30-80 nm), lipophilic and spermicidal gel-microemulsion (viz GM-144) containing the pharmaceutical excipients propylene glycol, Captex 300, Cremophor EL, Phospholipon 90G, Rhodigel, Pluronic F-68, and sodium benzoate was formulated. GM-144 completely immobilized sperm in human or rabbit semen in less than 30 seconds. Therefore, the in vivo contraceptive potency of intravaginally applied GM-144 was compared in the standard rabbit model to those of the detergent spermicide, nonoxynol-9 (N-9)-containing formulation. Eighty-four ovulated New Zealand White rabbits in subgroups of 28 were artificially inseminated with and without intravaginal administration of GM-144 or 2% N-9 (Gynol II) formulation and allowed to complete term pregnancy. GM-144 showed remarkable contraceptive activity in the rigorous rabbit model. When compared with control, intravaginal administration of GM-144 and Gynol II resulted in 75% and 70.8% inhibition of fertility (P <.0001 versus control, Fisher's exact test), respectively. Thus, GM-144 as a vaginal contraceptive was as effective as the commercially available N-9 gel. In the rabbit vaginal irritation test, none of the 6 rabbits given daily intravaginal application of spermicidal GM-144 for 10 days developed epithelial ulceration, edema, leukocyte influx, or vascular congestion characteristic of inflammation (total score = 5). Therefore, GM-144 has the potential to become a clinically useful safe vaginal contraceptive and a vehicle for formulating lipophilic drugs used in reducing the risk of heterosexual transmission of sexually transmitted diseases.
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| pubmed:language |
eng
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| pubmed:journal | |
| pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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| pubmed:chemical |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Contraceptive Agents, Female,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Drug Carriers,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Emulsions,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Nonoxynol,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Oils,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Spermatocidal Agents,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
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| pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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| pubmed:issn |
1530-9932
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| pubmed:author | |
| pubmed:issnType |
Electronic
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| pubmed:volume |
2
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| pubmed:owner |
NLM
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| pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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| pubmed:pagination |
E5
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| pubmed:dateRevised |
2010-11-9
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| pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Administration, Intravaginal,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Biomechanics,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Contraceptive Agents, Female,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Drug Administration Schedule,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Drug Carriers,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Drug Evaluation, Preclinical,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Emulsions,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Female,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Male,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Nonoxynol,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Oils,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Pregnancy,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Rabbits,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Semen,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Sperm Motility,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Spermatocidal Agents,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Vagina,
pubmed-meshheading:14727880-Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
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| pubmed:year |
2001
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| pubmed:articleTitle |
GM-144, a novel lipophilic vaginal contraceptive gel-microemulsion.
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| pubmed:affiliation |
Department of Reproductive Biology, Drug Discovery Program, Parker Hughes Institute, St Paul, MN, USA. odcruz@ih.org
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| pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article,
Comparative Study
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