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pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:abstractTextThe use of soluble class II MHC tetramers has enabled the identification of autoantigen-specific T cells in the peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes patients. Our approach takes advantage of the appearance of highly activated T cells expressing a CD25(+)/CD4(high+) phenotype induced by immobilized class II MHC monomer containing the GAD65 peptide. Almost all T cells that stain with the specific tetramer reside in this population and, since this activation profile is not present in normal subjects, it may provide a useful tool for analysis of the T cell response in autoimmune diabetes. The utilization of tetramer techniques in the detection of autoreactive T cells is a powerful tool to gain insight into mechanisms of the molecular basis of autoimmunity. The phenotyping of T cells should provide useful markers for progression of immune-mediated beta cell reactivity and can be utilized in clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of the immunomodulatory therapies targeting intervention/prevention of autoimmune diseases.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:authorpubmed-author:ReijonenHelen...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:authorpubmed-author:KwokWilliam...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:authorpubmed-author:NepomGerald...lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:pagination82-7lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:dateRevised2004-11-17lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:year2003lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:articleTitleDetection of CD4+ autoreactive T cells in T1D using HLA class II tetramers.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:affiliationBenaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA. reijonen@benaroyaresearch.orglld:pubmed
pubmed-article:14679042pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
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