Linked Life Data

14639006

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/14639006

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
6
pubmed:dateCreated
2003-11-25
pubmed:abstractText
As glutamate is a dominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, glutamate receptors, and especially AMPA receptors, are located ubiquitously in all brain areas. In this paper, we reviewed recent advances of studies on AMPA receptor functions. AMPA receptors are cation-conducting complexes composed of various combinations of four subunits (GluR1 to GluR4). The glutamine residue located in the pore-forming segment of GluR2 subunit (Q/R site) is changed to arginine by RNA editing at the pre mRNA stage in normal adult mammalian animal. The edited GluR2 subunit is a major determination of Ca(2+) permeability of the AMPA receptor; only edited GluR2-lacking receptor shows high-Ca(2+) permeability. The assembly of glutamate AMPA receptor subunit is not completely according to the stochastic theory. The heteromeric subunits assembly is more rapid than the homomeric assembly is. The transfer of AMPA receptor subunit to the plasma membrane is conducted in multiple ways. Many molecules that interact with the intracellular domain of AMPA receptor subunits are reported as the modulators of AMPA receptor subunit transfer. In the motoneuron of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, the efficiency of RNA editing at the GluR2 Q/R site is significantly decreased. Relative low level of edited GluR2 subunit expression is likely responsible for motoneuronal death in ALS. Recently, AMPA receptors in glial cells have been studied. Bergmann glial cells in cerebellum express Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors. Conversion of these AMPA receptors to Ca(2+)-impermeable type receptors induces morphological and functional changes. Glioblastoma cells also express Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors, and their conversion to Ca(2+)-impermeable receptors inhibits cell locomotion and induces apoptosis.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Dec
pubmed:issn
0015-5691
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
122
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
515-26
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-7-27
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2003
pubmed:articleTitle
Recent advances in the study of AMPA receptors.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Pharmacology, Kyoritsu College of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan. suzuki-tk@kyoritsu-ph.ac.jp
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review