Linked Life Data

14629892

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/14629892

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
11
pubmed:dateCreated
2003-11-21
pubmed:abstractText
Excessive alcohol ingestion is damaging and gives rise to a number of pathologies that influence nutritional status. Most organs of the body are affected such as the liver and gastrointestinal tract. However, skeletal muscle appears to be particularly susceptible, giving rise to the disease entity alcoholic myopathy. Alcoholic myopathy is far more common than overt liver disease such as cirrhosis or gastrointestinal tract pathologies. Alcohol myopathy is characterised by selective atrophy of Type II (anaerobic, white glycolic) muscle fibres: Type I (aerobic, red oxidative) muscle fibres are relatively protected. Affected patients have marked reductions in muscle mass and impaired muscle strength with subjective symptoms of cramps, myalgia and difficulty in gait. This affects 40-60% of chronic alcoholics (in contrast to cirrhosis, which only affects 15-20% of chronic alcohol misuers).Many, if not all, of these features of alcoholic myopathy can be reproduced in experimental animals, which are used to elucidate the pathological mechanisms responsible for the disease. However, membrane changes within these muscles are difficult to discern even under the normal light and electron microscope. Instead attention has focused on biochemical and other functional studies. In this review, we provide evidence from these models to show that alcohol-induced defects in the membrane occur, including the formation of acetaldehyde protein adducts and increases in sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (protein and enzyme activity). Concomitant increases in cholesterol hydroperoxides and oxysterol also arise, possibly reflecting free radical-mediated damage to the membrane. Overall, changes within muscle membranes may reflect, contribute to, or initiate the disturbances in muscle function or reductions in muscle mass seen in alcoholic myopathy. Present evidence suggest that the changes in alcoholic muscle disease are not due to dietary deficiencies but rather the direct effect of ethanol or its ensuing metabolites.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Nov
pubmed:issn
0955-2863
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
14
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
616-25
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-3
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2003
pubmed:articleTitle
Alcoholic muscle disease and biomembrane perturbations (review).
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Legal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho 7 Chuo-ku, 650-0017, Kobe, Japan. adachi@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't