Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
4
pubmed:dateCreated
2003-7-15
pubmed:abstractText
Two experiments examined how different frustration contexts affect the instrumental and emotional responses of 4- to 5-month-old infants. Three different frustrating contexts were investigated: loss of stimulation (extinction), reduction in contingent stimulation (partial reinforcement), and loss of stimulus control (noncontingency). In both experiments, changes in arm activity and facial expressions of anger and sadness coded according to the Maximally Discriminative Facial Movement Coding System (MAX) were the measures of frustration. Both experiments showed that (a) arm responses increased when the contingent stimulus was lost or reduced but decreased when control of the stimulus was lost under noncontingency, (b) MAX-coded anger, but not MAX-coded sad or blends of anger and sad, was associated with frustration, and (c) the pattern of anger and arm responses varied with the frustration context. When contingent stimulation was lost or reduced, both anger and arm responses increased, but when expected control was lost under noncontingency, arm responses decreased while anger increased.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-13861049, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-1482005, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-14946348, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-2364753, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-2667009, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-3208567, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-3736825, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-446200, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-4643773, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-6831985, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-8131642, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-8259826, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-8711014, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-880837, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-8890506, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/12859123-9586213
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jul
pubmed:issn
0012-1649
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
39
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
693-705
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-2-16
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2003
pubmed:articleTitle
Contextual determinants of anger and other negative expressions in young infants.
pubmed:affiliation
Institute for the Study of Child Development, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08903-0019, USA. sullivan@umdnj.edu
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Comparative Study, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.