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pubmed:abstractText |
Somatostatin, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were incubated in an adenylate cyclase assay with a particulate fraction of caudate-putamen tissue of the rat in order to examine the effect of the neuropeptides on G-protein coupled adenylate cyclase in vitro. Somatostatin induced an enhancement of cyclic AMP formation in presence of guanine nucleotides and cholera toxin but inhibited pertussis toxin and forskolin enzyme stimulation. Pertussis toxin and cholera toxin also depressed forskolin-induced stimulation as described previously. Somatostatin was able to antagonize these inhibitory effects of both toxins. On the contrary, substance P reduced GTP and cholera toxin stimulated striatal adenylate cyclase, without affecting forskolin activation. In our preparation, VIP did not influence basal adenylate cyclase activity or the stimulation by guanine nucleotides, cholera toxin, and pertussis toxin. VIP potently inhibited the enhancement of cyclic AMP formation by forskolin and completely antagonized the inhibitory effect of cholera toxin on forskolin activation. These results suggest that neuromodulatory effects of somatostatin, substance P, and VIP are mediated by the inhibitory as well as stimulatory guanine nucleotide proteins G-i and G-s coupled to an adenylate cyclase system.
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