Linked Life Data

12763679

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/12763679

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:dateCreated
2003-5-23
pubmed:abstractText
In view of the increasing use of anti-cytokine-based therapies to treat autoimmune diseases, the role of specific cytokines in host defense against infection has become a highly relevant area of investigation. There are over 300,000 patients worldwide being treated with agents that specifically block the biological activities of interleukin-1 (IL-1) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) for reducing the severity of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease or psoriasis. Those patients receiving anti-TNF-alpha or IL-1 blocking therapies are treated on a chronic basis. Studies suggest that other chronic inflammatory diseases will benefit from anti-cytokine therapies. However, there is a growing body of clinical evidence that neutralization of TNF-alpha is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections, including mycobacterial diseases. Blockade of IL-1 activity with the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) appears, at present, to be relatively safe. However, because of physician under reporting (some estimates of reporting being less than 5% of these infections), the true incidence of infections, both serious and non-serious, will remain unknown. Does the increase in infections associated with anti-cytokine-based therapies come as a surprise? Of the two components of host defense, the innate and the acquired responses, which are affected by anti-cytokine therapies? From a wealth of rodent studies using live infection models, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) neutralization or gene deletion for TNF-alpha is frequently associated with reduction of host defense in models of live Gram-positive or Gram-negative infections as well as infection by intracellular microbes such as Salmonella and Listeria; (2) absence of the IL-1 receptor can also result in decreased resistance to Listeria or Gram-positive bacteria and (3) TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma are required for defense against infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jun
pubmed:issn
0264-410X
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
1
pubmed:volume
21 Suppl 2
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
S24-34
pubmed:dateRevised
2008-11-21
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2003
pubmed:articleTitle
Anti-cytokine therapeutics and infections.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review