| pubmed-article:12692544 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0086418 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0023343 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0754728 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0851285 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1879547 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:issue | 5 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2003-5-1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:abstractText | The expression and activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) was investigated in leprosy, a spectral disease in which clinical manifestations correlate with the type of immune response mounted toward Mycobacterium leprae. TLR2-TLR1 heterodimers mediated cell activation by killed M. leprae, indicating the presence of triacylated lipoproteins. A genome-wide scan of M. leprae detected 31 putative lipoproteins. Synthetic lipopeptides representing the 19-kD and 33-kD lipoproteins activated both monocytes and dendritic cells. Activation was enhanced by type-1 cytokines and inhibited by type-2 cytokines. In addition, interferon (IFN)-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhanced TLR1 expression in monocytes and dendritic cells, respectively, whereas IL-4 downregulated TLR2 expression. TLR2 and TLR1 were more strongly expressed in lesions from the localized tuberculoid form (T-lep) as compared with the disseminated lepromatous form (L-lep) of the disease. These data provide evidence that regulated expression and activation of TLRs at the site of disease contribute to the host defense against microbial pathogens. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:month | May | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:issn | 1078-8956 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:AkiraShizuoS | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MaedaYumiY | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:NgYolanda WYW | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LiuPhilip TPT | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:volume | 9 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:pagination | 525-32 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2008-11-21 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:year | 2003 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:articleTitle | Activation and regulation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 1 in human leprosy. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:affiliation | Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:12692544 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
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