Mylotarg has moderate activity as a single agent in patients with CD33-positive refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). A combination of an anthracycline and cytarabine (ara-C) is the core of most AML induction regimens. We conducted a pilot study of Mylotarg combined with idarubicin and ara-C in patients with refractory or relapsed AML.