Linked Life Data

12379819

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/12379819

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
4
pubmed:dateCreated
2002-10-15
pubmed:abstractText
The hemodynamic and anti-ischemic effects of nitroglycerin (NTG) are rapidly blunted due to the development of nitrate tolerance. With initiation of nitroglycerin therapy one can detect neurohormonal activation and signs for intravascular volume expansion. These so called pseudotolerance mechanisms may compromise nitroglycerin's vasodilatory effects. Long-term treatment with nitroglycerin is also associated with a decreased responsiveness of the vasculature to nitroglycerin's vasorelaxant potency suggesting changes in intrinsic mechanisms of the tolerant vasculature itself may also contribute to tolerance. More recent experimental work defined new mechanisms of tolerance such as increased vascular superoxide production and increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors secondary to an activation of the intracellular second messenger protein kinase C. As potential superoxide producing enzymes, the NADPH oxidase and the nitric oxide synthase have been identified. Nitroglycerin-induced stimulation of oxygen-derived free radicals together with NO derived from nitroglycerin may lead to the formation of peroxynitrite, which may be responsible for the development of tolerance as well as for the development of cross tolerance to endothelium-dependent vasodilators. The oxidative stress concept of tolerance and cross tolerance may explain why radical scavengers such as vitamin C or substances which reduce oxidative stress, such as ACE-inhibitors, AT1 receptor blockers or folic acid, are able to beneficially influence both tolerance and nitroglycerin-induced endothelial dysfunction. New aspects concerning the role of oxidative stress in nitrate tolerance and nitrate induced endothelial dysfunction and the consequences for the NO/cyclicGMP downstream target, the cGMP-dependent protein kinase will be discussed.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Oct
pubmed:issn
1382-4147
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
7
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
335-45
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-11-19
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2002
pubmed:articleTitle
Mechanisms underlying nitrate-induced endothelial dysfunction: insight from experimental and clinical studies.
pubmed:affiliation
Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't