Linked Life Data

12213601

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/12213601

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
5-6
pubmed:dateCreated
2002-9-5
pubmed:abstractText
Low molecular weight thiol-containing compounds have an essential role in many biochemical and pharmacological reactions due to the ease with each they are oxidized, and the rapidity with which they can be regenerated. Thioredoxin and glutathione (GSH) are two of the major small molecular weight thiol-containing compounds synthesized de novo in mammalian cells that participate in those functions. Understanding the mechanisms of thiol metabolism has special relevance to understanding the cell's defense against toxicant exposure and as the focal point in redox signaling. This commentary will, however, focus on GSH consumption and synthesis, and the role of thiols in signaling. The chemical reactions of GSH, including conjugation reactions mediated by glutathione S-transferases (GST) and oxidation reactions mediated by glutathione peroxidases will be described. The regulation of GSH synthesis will be illustrated from a compilation of studies designed to understand the various levels at which enzymatic GSH biosynthesis is controlled, and the signaling pathways that mediate them. The response of the cell to 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), a reactive aldehyde produced physiologically in response to inflammation and various air pollutants, will be explored in detail. Finally, the direct role of thiols as signaling molecules will be addressed, with particular attention given to "redox state." It is our aim that this commentary will lead the reader to appreciate that studies investigating the signaling for and regulation of thiol metabolism must never be generalized, and that perturbations in any of step of thiol metabolism may have etiological roles in genetically, virally, and environmentally borne pathologies.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0006-2952
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
64
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
1019-26
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2002
pubmed:articleTitle
Cellular glutathione and thiols metabolism.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Free Radical Biology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue S, RPHB-317, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review