Linked Life Data

11579462

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/11579462

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
3
pubmed:dateCreated
2001-10-1
pubmed:abstractText
Polymerase eta (pol eta) is a low-fidelity DNA polymerase that is the product of the gene, POLH, associated with the human XP variant disorder in which there is an extremely high level of solar-induced skin carcinogenesis. The complete human genomic sequence spans about 40 kb containing 10 coding exons and a cDNA of 2.14 kb; exon I is untranslated and is 6 kb upstream from the first coding exon. Using bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), the gene was mapped to human chromosome band 6p21 and mouse band 17D. The gene is expressed in most tissues, except for very low or undetectable levels in peripheral lymphocytes, fetal spleen, and adult muscle; exon II, however, is frequently spliced out in normal cells and in almost half the transcripts in the testis and fetal liver. Expression of POLH in a multicopy episomal vector proved nonviable, suggesting that overexpression is toxic. Expression from chromosomally integrated linear copies using either an EF1-alpha or CMV promoter was functional, resulting in cell lines with low or high levels of pol eta protein, respectively. Point mutations in the center of the gene and in a C-terminal cysteine and deletion of exon II resulted in inactivation, but addition of a terminal 3 amino acid C-terminal tag, or an N- or C-terminal green fluorescent protein, had no effect on function. A low level of expression of pol eta eliminated hMre11 recombination and partially restored UV survival, but did not prevent UV-induced apoptosis, which required higher levels of expression. Polymerase eta is therefore involved in S-phase checkpoint and signal transduction pathways that lead to arrest in S, apoptosis, and recombination. In normal cells, the predominant mechanism of replication of UV damage involves pol eta-dependent bypass, and Mre11-dependent recombination that acts is a secondary, backup mechanism when cells are severely depleted of pol eta.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Nov
pubmed:issn
1045-2257
pubmed:author
pubmed:copyrightInfo
Copyright 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
32
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
222-35
pubmed:dateRevised
2007-11-14
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Alternative Splicing, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Animals, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Apoptosis, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Artificial Gene Fusion, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Base Composition, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Cell Line, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Chromosome Mapping, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-DNA Repair Enzymes, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-DNA-Binding Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Gene Expression Regulation, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Genetic Complementation Test, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Green Fluorescent Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Humans, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Luminescent Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Mice, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Organ Specificity, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Radiation Tolerance, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Recombinant Fusion Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Recombination, Genetic, pubmed-meshheading:11579462-Ultraviolet Rays
pubmed:year
2001
pubmed:articleTitle
DNA polymerase eta undergoes alternative splicing, protects against UV sensitivity and apoptosis, and suppresses Mre11-dependent recombination.
pubmed:affiliation
UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94115, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't