Linked Life Data

11270510

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/11270510

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1
pubmed:dateCreated
2001-3-28
pubmed:abstractText
Smokers often report that the first cigarette of the day is the most rewarding, and subsequent smoking is less rewarding. Reduction in smoking enjoyment later in the day may be related to acute tolerance to the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine. We examined changes in nicotine discrimination behaviour in humans as a function of acute nicotine pretreatment. Male and female dependent smokers (n = 15) were initially trained to discriminate 20 microg/kg nicotine by nasal spray from placebo (0 microg/kg) without nicotine pretreatment. They then were tested on generalization of discrimination across a range of spray doses from 0-20 microg/kg following pretreatment with placebo, moderate dose (14-21 mg) or high dose (28-42 mg) transdermal nicotine. Generalization testing involved both two- and three-response ('novel' option) quantitative procedures. Subjects also engaged in a self-administration phase at the end of each session, involving choices between nicotine (20 microg/kg) and placebo spray. Nicotine pretreatment significantly attenuated nicotine-appropriate responding at higher nicotine spray doses, suggesting acute tolerance, but only in women. Similar results were seen for subjective 'head rush', suggesting this effect may be related to discrimination behaviour in women. However, nicotine pretreatment also increased novel-appropriate responding, especially in men, following intermediate generalization doses, suggesting qualitatively different stimulus effects. Although differences were not significant, nicotine self-administration tended to be inversely associated with nicotine pretreatment dose in men but not in women. These results only modestly support the notion of acute tolerance to the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine, and even then only in women and not in men.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Feb
pubmed:issn
0955-8810
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
12
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
35-44
pubmed:dateRevised
2009-7-7
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2001
pubmed:articleTitle
The discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of nicotine in humans following nicotine pretreatment.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA. perkinska@msx.upmc.edu
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.