Linked Life Data

10969833

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10969833

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
9
pubmed:dateCreated
2000-9-25
pubmed:abstractText
Hexosamines have been shown to mediate effects of hyperglycemia and so-called "glucose toxicity" in insulin-sensitive tissues. To determine the effects of hexosamines on insulin synthesis and secretion, transgenic mice were created to overexpress the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine synthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA), specifically in beta-cells. GFA activity in islets of heterozygous transgenic mice was elevated 76% compared with littermate controls. The increased GFA activity led to 1.4- and 2.1-fold increased pancreatic insulin content in 2- and 10-month-old transgenic mice, respectively (P < 0.005). Fasting insulin levels were 1.6-fold higher than in littermate controls (P < 0.05). Hyperinsulinemia was evident despite a 28% reduction in insulin mRNA levels. The fasting glucose levels in the transgenic mice equaled that of controls aged 2-4 months but exceeded that of the controls aged 6-10 months (means +/- SE 6.9 +/- 0.2 vs. 5.9 +/- 0.2 mmol/l, P < 0.001). By 8 months, the males were overweight and mildly diabetic (fasting glucose 8.8 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) despite persistent hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance was confirmed in both males and females using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique; glucose disposal rates decreased by 48% in transgenic mice (P < 0.01). Triglyceride levels did not differ, and free fatty acid levels were lower in the transgenic animals. ATP levels were unchanged in the transgenic islets. We conclude that hexosamine biosynthesis is involved in the regulation of insulin content in beta-cells by glucose. Increased hexosamine flux in the beta-cell results in hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and (in males) mild type 2 diabetes.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
AIM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Sep
pubmed:issn
0012-1797
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
49
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
1492-9
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Animals, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Blood Glucose, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Cells, Cultured, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Crosses, Genetic, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Female, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing), pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Hexosamines, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Hyperinsulinism, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Insulin, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Insulin Resistance, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Islets of Langerhans, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Male, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Mice, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Mice, Inbred C57BL, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Mice, Transgenic, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-RNA, Messenger, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Recombinant Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Transcription, Genetic, pubmed-meshheading:10969833-Triglycerides
pubmed:year
2000
pubmed:articleTitle
Transgenic mice with increased hexosamine flux specifically targeted to beta-cells exhibit hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't