Linked Life Data

10746937

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10746937

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1
pubmed:dateCreated
2000-6-2
pubmed:abstractText
According to published information, the lung is the only clear target organ for tumors when mice are exposed to cigarette smoke. Liver, skin, and upper digestive tract are target organs when orally or dermally exposed to cigarette smoke condensate, but not kidney, brain, or bone marrow. We tested the genotoxicity of cigarette smoke in the known target organ (lung), possible target organs (stomach and liver), and non-target organs (kidney, brain, and bone marrow) of the mouse using the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCG, or comet) assay, as modified by us. We also tested the effect of free radical scavengers on the genotoxicity of the smoke. Male ICR mice were exposed to cigarette smoke. DNA single-strand breaks (SSB) were measured by the SCG assay 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after the exposure. Fifteen min after the animals were exposed for 1 min to a 6-fold dilution of smoke, SSB appeared in the lungs, stomach, and liver; the damage in the lungs and liver returned to almost control levels by 60 min, and that of the stomach by 120 min. Kidney, brain, and bone marrow DNA were not damaged. Exposure to more dilute smoke (12- or 24-fold dilution) did not cause DNA damage. Single oral pretreatment (100 mg/kg) of either ascorbic acid (VC) or alpha-tocopherol acetate (VE) 1 h before smoke inhalation prevented SSB in the stomach and liver, while VE but not VC significantly reduced SSB in the lung. Five consecutive days of either VC or VE (100 mg/kg/day) pretreatment completely prevented SSB in the lung, stomach, and liver. Thus, the SCG assay detected DNA SSB, induced by cigarette smoke, in the known target organ, two possible target organs, and none of the non-target organs. Antioxidants could prevent those effects, suggesting that free radicals may have been a source of the damage. Our results suggest the importance of the SCG assay as a tool in the study of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Mar
pubmed:issn
1096-6080
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
54
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
104-9
pubmed:dateRevised
2010-9-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2000
pubmed:articleTitle
The influence of antioxidants on cigarette smoke-induced DNA single-strand breaks in mouse organs: a preliminary study with the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan. s.tsuda@iwate-u.ac.jp
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't