Linked Life Data

10742981

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10742981

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:dateCreated
2000-5-23
pubmed:abstractText
In this review, we have summarized recent advances in our understanding of the biology of nucleoside transport arising from new insights provided by the isolation and functional expression of cDNAs encoding the major nucleoside transporters of mammalian cells. Nucleoside transporters are required for permeation of nucleosides across biological membranes and are present in the plasma membranes of most cell types. There is growing evidence that functional nucleoside transporters are required for translocation of nucleosides between intracellular compartments and thus are also present in organellar membranes. Functional studies during the 1980s established that nucleoside transport in mammalian cells occurs by two mechanistically distinct processes, facilitated diffusion and Na(+)-nucleoside cotransport. The determination of the primary amino acid sequences of the equilibrative and concentrative transporters of human and rat cells has provided a structural basis for the functional differences among the different transporter subtypes. Although nucleoside transporter proteins were first purified from human erythrocytes a decade ago, the low abundance of nucleoside transporter proteins in membranes of mammalian cells has hindered analysis of relationships between transporter structure and function. The molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding nucleoside transporters and the development of heterologous expression systems for production of recombinant nucleoside transporters, when combined with recombinant DNA technologies, provide powerful tools for characterization of functional domains within transporter proteins that are involved in nucleoside recognition and translocation. As relationships between molecular structure and function are determined, it should be possible to develop new approaches for optimizing the transportability of nucleoside drugs into diseased tissues, for development of new transport inhibitors, including reagents that are targeted to the concentrative transporters, and, eventually, for manipulation of transporter function through an understanding of the regulation of transport activity.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:issn
1078-0467
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
12
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
313-52
pubmed:dateRevised
2004-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1999
pubmed:articleTitle
Nucleoside transporters of mammalian cells.
pubmed:affiliation
Molecular Biology of Membranes Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review