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PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
21
pubmed:dateCreated
1999-11-19
pubmed:abstractText
We recently reported that cytosine arabinoside (AraC)-induced apoptosis of cerebellar neurons involves the overexpression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The present study was undertaken to investigate whether p53 and/or Bax overexpression participates in the AraC-induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule cells and, if so, the relationship between p53 induction and GAPDH overexpression in these cells. AraC-induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule cells was preceded by an increase in levels of p53 mRNA and protein detected between 1 and 8 hr after treatment. The mRNA level for a p53 target gene, Bax, was also increased. The increase in GAPDH mRNA lasted longer than that of either p53 or Bax, and the level of GAPDH protein in the particulate fraction increased after induction of GAPDH mRNA. The antisense oligonucleotide to p53 protected granule cells from AraC-induced chromatin condensation, internucleosomal cleavage, and apoptotic death. The inhibition of p53 expression by the p53 antisense oligonucleotide not only blocked the expression of Bax but also partially suppressed the increased GAPDH mRNA and protein levels. Conversely, the suppression of GAPDH expression and subsequent attenuation of apoptosis of granule cells by GAPDH antisense oligonucleotide did not influence the expression of p53 or Bax. Cerebellar granule cells prepared from p53 knock-out mice were resistant to AraC toxicity, and the p53 gene knock-out suppressed AraC-upregulated GAPDH expression. Moreover, infection of PC12 cells with an adenoviral vector containing p53 gene dramatically increased GAPDH expression and triggered cell apoptosis. These results suggest that AraC-induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule cells involves the expression of both GAPDH and p53 and that, similar to Bax, GAPDH is upregulated by p53 after exposure to the apoptotic insult.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Nov
pubmed:issn
1529-2401
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:day
1
pubmed:volume
19
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
9654-62
pubmed:dateRevised
2005-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Animals, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Apoptosis, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Cerebellum, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Cytarabine, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Gene Expression Regulation, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Genes, p53, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Mice, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Mice, Knockout, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Neurons, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-PC12 Cells, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Proto-Oncogene Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Rats, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Rats, Sprague-Dawley, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Recombinant Proteins, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Transfection, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, pubmed-meshheading:10531467-bcl-2-Associated X Protein
pubmed:year
1999
pubmed:articleTitle
Involvement of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and p53 in neuronal apoptosis: evidence that GAPDH is upregulated by p53.
pubmed:affiliation
Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Biological Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article