Linked Life Data

10454950

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10454950

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
4
pubmed:dateCreated
1999-8-17
pubmed:abstractText
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that results from defects in both insulin secretion and insulin action. An elevated rate of basal hepatic glucose production in the presence of hyperinsulinemia is the primary cause of fasting hyperglycemia; after a meal, impaired suppression of hepatic glucose production by insulin and decreased insulin-mediated glucose uptake by muscle contribute almost equally to postprandial hyperglycemia. In the United States, five classes of oral agents, each of which works through a different mechanism of action, are currently available to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The recently completed United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) has shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disorder that can be treated initially with oral agent monotherapy but will eventually require the addition of other oral agents, and that in many patients, insulin therapy will be needed to achieve targeted glycemic levels. In the UKPDS, improved glycemic control, irrespective of the agent used (sulfonylureas, metformin, or insulin), decreased the incidence of microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy). This review examines the goals of antihyperglycemic therapy and reviews the mechanism of action, efficacy, nonglycemic benefits, cost, and safety profile of each of the five approved classes of oral agents. A rationale for the use of these oral agents as monotherapy, in combination with each other, and in combination with insulin is provided.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
AIM
pubmed:chemical
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Acarbose, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Carbamates, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Chromans, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Hypoglycemic Agents, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Insulin, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Metformin, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Piperidines, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Sulfonylurea Compounds, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Thiazoles, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Thiazolidinediones, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Trisaccharides, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/repaglinide, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/troglitazone
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Aug
pubmed:issn
0003-4819
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
17
pubmed:volume
131
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
281-303
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1999
pubmed:articleTitle
Pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
pubmed:affiliation
University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't