Linked Life Data

10212840

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10212840

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2-4
pubmed:dateCreated
1999-6-30
pubmed:abstractText
Malonyl CoA is an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1), the enzyme that regulates the transfer of long chain fatty acyl CoA into mitochondria. By virtue of this effect, it is thought to play a key role in regulating fatty acid oxidation. Thus, when the supply of glucose to muscle is increased, malonyl CoA levels increase in keeping with a decreased need for fatty acid oxidation, and fatty acids are preferentially esterified to form diaglycerol and triglycerides. In contrast, during exercise, when the need for fatty acid oxidation is increased, malonyl CoA levels fall. Changes in glucose supply regulate malonyl CoA by modulating the concentration of cytosolic citrate, an allosteric activator of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme for malonyl CoA formation and a precursor of its substrate cytosolic acetyl CoA. Conversely, exercise lowers the concentration of malonyl CoA, by activating an AMP-activated protein kinase, which phosphorylates and inhibits ACC. A number of reports have linked sustained increases in the concentration of malonyl CoA in muscle to insulin resistance. In this paper, we review these reports, as well as the notion that changes in malonyl CoA contribute to the increases in long chain fatty acyl CoA, (LCFA CoA), diacylglycerol and triglyceride content and changes in protein kinase C activity and distribution observed in insulin-resistant muscle. We also review the implications of the malonyl CoA/LCFA CoA hypothesis to two other proposed mechanisms for insulin resistance, the glucose-fatty acid cycle and the hexosamine theory.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:issn
0792-6855
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:volume
9
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
295-308
pubmed:dateRevised
2011-11-17
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1998
pubmed:articleTitle
Malonyl CoA, long chain fatty acyl CoA and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
pubmed:affiliation
Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Boston University Medical Center, MA 02118, USA.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't