Linked Life Data

10021769

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/10021769

Statements in which the resource exists as a subject.
PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
1376
pubmed:dateCreated
1999-3-15
pubmed:abstractText
The primary routes of insecticide resistance in all insects are alterations in the insecticide target sites or changes in the rate at which the insecticide is detoxified. Three enzyme systems, glutathione S-transferases, esterases and monooxygenases, are involved in the detoxification of the four major insecticide classes. These enzymes act by rapidly metabolizing the insecticide to non-toxic products, or by rapidly binding and very slowly turning over the insecticide (sequestration). In Culex mosquitoes, the most common organophosphate insecticide resistance mechanism is caused by co-amplification of two esterases. The amplified esterases are differentially regulated, with three times more Est beta 2(1) being produced than Est alpha 2(1). Cis-acting regulatory sequences associated with these esterases are under investigation. All the amplified esterases in different Culex species act through sequestration. The rates at which they bind with insecticides are more rapid than those for their non-amplified counterparts in the insecticide-susceptible insects. In contrast, esterase-based organophosphate resistance in Anopheles is invariably based on changes in substrate specificities and increased turnover rates of a small subset of insecticides. The up-regulation of both glutathione S-transferases and monooxygenases in resistant mosquitoes is due to the effects of a single major gene in each case. The products of these major genes up-regulate a broad range of enzymes. The diversity of glutathione S-transferases produced by Anopheles mosquitoes is increased by the splicing of different 5' ends of genes, with a single 3' end, within one class of this enzyme family. The trans-acting regulatory factors responsible for the up-regulation of both the monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferases still need to be identified, but the recent development of molecular tools for positional cloning in Anopheles gambiae now makes this possible.
pubmed:grant
pubmed:commentsCorrections
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-13369563, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-1768912, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-1768918, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-2005964, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-2320576, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-2332161, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-6679355, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-8373372, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-8900597, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9038148, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9164846, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9230114, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9359574, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9383763, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9513933, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9535162, http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/commentcorrection/10021769-9723868
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Oct
pubmed:issn
0962-8436
pubmed:author
pubmed:issnType
Print
pubmed:day
29
pubmed:volume
353
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
1695-9
pubmed:dateRevised
2010-8-25
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
1998
pubmed:articleTitle
The role of gene splicing, gene amplification and regulation in mosquito insecticide resistance.
pubmed:affiliation
School of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't