Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/412
| Subject | Predicate | Object | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| dailymed-drugs:412 | rdf:type | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | rdf:type | dailymed-instance:drugs | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | rdfs:label | Diazepam (Solution) | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:dosage | Dosage should be individualized for maximum beneficial effect. While the usual daily dosages given below will meet the needs of most patients, there will be some who may require higher doses. In such cases dosage should be increased cautiously to avoid adverse effects.<br/>Proper Use of an Intensol���: An Intensol is a concentrated oral solution as compared to standard oral liquid medications. It is recommended that an Intensol be mixed with liquid or semi-solid food such as water, juices, soda or soda-like beverages, applesauce and puddings. Use only the calibrated dropper provided with this product. Draw into the dropper the amount prescribed for a single dose. Then squeeze the dropper contents into a liquid or semi-solid food. Stir the liquid or food gently for a few seconds. The Intensol formulation blends quickly and completely. The entire amount of the mixture, of drug and liquid or drug and food, should be consumed immediately. Do not store for future use. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:descripti... | Each 5 mL of Oral Solution contains: Diazepam........................................................... 5 mg Each mL of IntensolOral Solution (Concentrate) contains: Diazepam............................................................ 5 mg Alcohol................................................................ 19% Inactive Ingredients: The wintergreen-spice flavored 5 mg/5 mL Oral Solution contains bitterness modifier, citric acid, D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Red No. 40, flavoring, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sodium citrate, sorbitol, and water. The 5 mg/mL IntensolOral Solution (Concentrate) contains alcohol, D&C Yellow No. 10, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, succinic acid, and water. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative. Chemically, diazepam is 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. It is a colorless crystalline compound, insoluble in water and has a molecular weight of 284.74. Its structural formula is as follows: | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:clinicalP... | In animals diazepam appears to act on parts of the limbic system, the thalamus and hypothalamus, and induces calming effects. Diazepam, unlike chlorpromazine and reserpine, has no demonstrable peripheral autonomic blocking action, nor does it produce extrapyramidal side effects; however, animals treated with diazepam do have a transient ataxia at higher doses. Diazepam was found to have transient cardiovascular depressor effects in dogs. Long-term experiments in rats revealed no disturbances of endocrine function. Oral LDof diazepam is 720 mg/kg in mice and 1240 mg/kg in rats. Intraperitoneal administration of 400 mg/kg to a monkey resulted in death on the sixth day.<br/>Reproduction Studies: A series of rat reproduction studies was performed with diazepam in oral doses of 1, 10, 80 and 100 mg/kg. At 100 mg/kg there was a decrease in the number of pregnancies and surviving offspring in these rats. Neonatal survival of rats at doses lower than 100 mg/kg was within normal limits. Several neonates in these rat reproduction studies showed skeletal or other defects. Further studies in rats at doses up to and including 80 mg/kg/day did not reveal teratological effects on the offspring. In humans, measurable blood levels of diazepam were obtained in maternal and cord blood, indicating placental transfer of the drug. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:activeIng... | dailymed-ingredient:DIAZEPA... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:contraind... | Diazepam is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to this drug and, because of lack of sufficient clinical experience, in children under 6 months of age. It may be used in patients with open angle glaucoma who are receiving appropriate therapy, but is contraindicated in acute narrow angle glaucoma. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:supply | Diazepam Oral Solution, 5 mg per 5 mL (Orange-colored, wintergreen-spice flavored solution) NDC 0054-8207-16: Unit dose Patient Cupfilled to deliver 5 mL (Diazepam 5 mg), ten 5 mL Patient Cupsper shelf pack, 4 shelf packs per shipper. NDC 0054-3188-63: Bottle of 500 mL. Store at 25��C (77��F); excursions permitted to 15��-30��C (59��-86��F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature] Dispense in tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP/NF. Diazepam IntensolTM Oral Solution (Concentrate), 5 mg per mL (Clear, yellow solution) NDC 0054-3185-44: Bottle of 30 mL with calibrated dropper [graduations of 0.2 mL (1 mg), 0.4 mL (2 mg), 0.6 mL (3 mg), 0.8 mL (4 mg), and 1 mL (5 mg) on the dropper]. Store at 25��C (77��F); excursions permitted to 15��-30��C (59��-86��F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature] Discard opened bottle after 90 days. PROTECT FROM LIGHT. 4048501//03Revised June 2006 ��RLI, 2006 | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:genericDr... | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:activeMoi... | dailymed-ingredient:DIAZEPA... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:citric_... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:propyle... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:polyeth... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:D&C_Yel... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:FD&C_Re... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:WATER | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:SORBITO... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:bittern... | lld:dailymed |
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| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:SODIUM_... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:possibleD... | diseasome-diseases:372 | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:possibleD... | diseasome-diseases:55 | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:possibleD... | diseasome-diseases:1379 | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:possibleD... | diseasome-diseases:2312 | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:precautio... | If diazepam is to be combined with other psychotropic agents or anticonvulsant drugs, careful consideration should be given to the pharmacology of the agents to be employed���particularly with known compounds which may potentiate the action of diazepam such as phenothiazines, narcotics, barbiturates, MAO inhibitors and other antidepressants. The usual precautions are indicated for severely depressed patients or those in whom there is any evidence of latent depression; particularly the recognition that suicidal tendencies may be present and protective measures may be necessary. The usual precautions in treating patients with impaired renal or hepatic function should be observed. In elderly and debilitated patients, it is recommended that the dosage be limited to the smallest effective amount to preclude the development of ataxia or oversedation (2 mg to 2 1/2 mg once or twice daily, initially, to be increased gradually as needed and tolerated). The clearance of diazepam and certain other benzodiazepines can be delayed in association with Tagamet (cimetidine) administration. The clinical significance of this is unclear.<br/>Information for Patients: To assure the safe and effective use of benzodiazepines, patients should be informed that, since benzodiazepines may produce psychological and physical dependence, it is advisable that they consult with their physician before either increasing the dose or abruptly discontinuing this drug. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:genericMe... | Diazepam | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:fullName | Diazepam (Solution) | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:adverseRe... | Side effects most commonly reported were drowsiness, fatigue and ataxia. Infrequently encountered were confusion, constipation, depression, diplopia, dysarthria, headache, hypotension, incontinence, jaundice, changes in libido, nausea, changes in salivation, skin rash, slurred speech, tremor, urinary retention, vertigo and blurred vision. Paradoxical reactions such as acute hyperexcited states, anxiety, hallucinations, increased muscle spasticity, insomnia, rage, sleep disturbances and stimulation have been reported; should these occur, use of the drug should be discontinued. Because of isolated reports of neutropenia and jaundice, periodic blood counts and liver function tests are advisable during long-term therapy. Minor changes in EEG patterns, usually low-voltage fast activity, have been observed in patients during and after diazepam therapy and are of no known significance. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:warning | Diazepam is not of value in the treatment of psychotic patients and should not be employed in lieu of appropriate treatment. As is true of most preparations containing CNS-acting drugs, patients receiving diazepam should be cautioned against engaging in hazardous occupations requiring complete mental alertness such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle. As with other agents which have anticonvulsant activity, when diazepam is used as an adjunct in treating convulsive disorders, the possibility of an increase in the frequency and/or severity of grand mal seizures may require an increase in the dosage of standard anticonvulsant medication. Abrupt withdrawal of diazepam in such cases may also be associated with a temporary increase in the frequency and/or severity of seizures. Since diazepam has a central nervous system depressant effect, patients should be advised against the simultaneous ingestion of alcohol and other CNS-depressant drugs during diazepam therapy.<br/>Usage in Pregnancy: An increased risk of congenital malformations associated with the use of minor tranquilizers (diazepam, meprobamate and chlordiazepoxide) during the first trimester of pregnancy has been suggested in several studies. Because use of these drugs is rarely a matter of urgency, their use during this period should almost always be avoided. The possibility that a woman of childbearing potential may be pregnant at the time of institution of therapy should be considered. Patients should be advised that if they become pregnant during therapy, or intend to become pregnant, they should communicate with their physicians about the desirability of discontinuing the drug.<br/>Management of Overdosage: Manifestations of diazepam overdosage include somnolence, confusion, coma and diminished reflexes. Respiration, pulse and blood pressure should be monitored, as in all cases of drug overdosage, although, in general, these effects have been minimal following overdosage. General supportive measures should be employed, along with immediate gastric lavage. Intravenous fluidsshould be administered and an adequate airway maintained. Hypotension may be combated by the use of norepinephrine or metaraminol. Dialysis is of limited value. As with the management of intentional overdosage with any drug, it should be borne in mind that multiple agents may have been ingested. Flumazenil, a specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, is indicated for the complete or partial reversal of the sedative effects of benzodiazepines and may be used in situations when an overdose with a benzodiazepine is known or suspected. Prior to the administration of flumazenil, necessary measures should be instituted to secure airway, ventilation, and intravenous access. Flumazenil is intended as an adjunct to, not as a substitute for, proper management of benzodiazepine overdose. Patients treated with flumazenil should be monitored for re-sedation, respiratory depression, and other residual benzodiazepine effects for an appropriate period after treatment. The prescriber should be aware of a risk of seizure in association with flumazenil treatment, particularly in long-term benzodiazepine users and in cyclic antidepressant overdose. The complete flumazenil package insert including CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and PRECAUTIONS should be consulted prior to use. Withdrawal symptoms of the barbiturate type have occurred after the discontinuation of benzodiazepines . | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:indicatio... | Diazepam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic. In acute alcohol withdrawal, diazepam may be useful in the symptomatic relief of acute agitation, tremor, impending or acute delirium tremens and hallucinosis. Diazepam is a useful adjunct for the relief of skeletal muscle spasm due to reflex spasm to local pathology (such as inflammation of the muscles or joints, or secondary to trauma); spasticity caused by upper motor neuron disorders (such as cerebral palsy and paraplegia); athetosis; and stiff-man syndrome. Oral diazepam may be used adjunctively in convulsive disorders, although it has not proved useful as the sole therapy. The effectiveness of diazepam in long-term use, that is, more than 4 months, has not been assessed by systematic clinical studies. The physician should periodically reassess the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:represent... | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:routeOfAd... | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:412 | dailymed-instance:name | Diazepam | lld:dailymed |
| http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | dailymed-instance:producesD... | dailymed-drugs:412 | lld:dailymed |
| diseasome-diseases:372 | diseasome-instance:possible... | dailymed-drugs:412 | lld:diseasome |
| diseasome-diseases:55 | diseasome-instance:possible... | dailymed-drugs:412 | lld:diseasome |
| diseasome-diseases:1379 | diseasome-instance:possible... | dailymed-drugs:412 | lld:diseasome |
| diseasome-diseases:2312 | diseasome-instance:possible... | dailymed-drugs:412 | lld:diseasome |