Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/3140
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Zazole (Suppository)
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| dailymed-instance:dosage |
One Zazole Vaginal Suppository (terconazole vaginal suppositories 80 mg) should be administered intravaginally once daily at bedtime for three consecutive days. Before prescribing another course of therapy, the diagnosis should be reconfirmed by smears and/or cultures and other pathogens commonly associated with vulvovaginitis ruled out. The therapeutic effect of terconazole vaginal suppositories is not affected by menstruation.
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| dailymed-instance:descripti... |
Zazole Vaginal Suppositories (terconazole vaginal suppositories, 80 mg) are white to off-white suppositories for intravaginal administration containing 80 mg of the antifungal agent terconazole, cis-1-[p-[[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-4-Isopropylpiperazine, in triglycerides derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil (a base of hydrogenated vegetable oils) and butylated hydroxyanisole. The structural formula of terconazole is as follows: Terconazole, a triazole derivative, is a white to almost white powder with a molecular weight of 532.47. It is insoluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol; and soluble in butanol.
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| dailymed-instance:clinicalP... |
Following intravaginal administration of terconazole in humans, absorption ranged from 5-8% in three hysterectomized subjects and 12-16% in two non-hysterectomized subjects with tubal ligations. Following oral (30 mg) administration ofC-labeled terconazole, the harmonic half-life of elimination from the blood for the parent terconazole was 6.9 hours (range 4.0-11.3). Terconazole is extensively metabolized; the plasma AUC for terconazole compared to the AUC for total radioactivity was 0.6%. Total radioactivity was eliminated from the blood with a harmonic half-life of 52.2 hours (range 44-60). Excretion of radioactivity was both by renal (32-56%) and fecal (47-52%) routes. In vitro, terconazole is highly protein bound (94.9%) and the degree of binding is independent of drug concentration. Photosensitivity reactions were observed in some normal volunteers following repeated dermal application of terconazole 2.0% and 0.8% creams under conditions of filtered artificial ultraviolet light. Photosensitivity reactions have not been observed in U.S. and foreign clinical trials in patients who were treated with Zazole Vaginal Suppositories.<br/>Microbiology: Terconazole exhibits fungicidal activity in vitro against Candida albicans. Antifungal activity has also been demonstrated against other fungi. The MIC values of terconazole against most Lactobacillus spp. typically found in the human vagina were���128 mcg/mL; therefore these beneficial bacteria were not affected by drug treatment. The exact pharmacologic mode of action of terconazole is uncertain; however, it may exert its antifungal activity by the disruption of normal fungal cell membrane permeability. No resistance to terconazole has developed during successive passages of C. albicans.
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| dailymed-instance:activeIng... | |
| dailymed-instance:contraind... |
Patients known to be hypersensitive to terconazole or to any of the components of the suppositories.
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| dailymed-instance:supply |
Zazole Vaginal Suppositories (terconazole vaginal suppositories 80 mg are available in 2.5 g, elliptically shaped white to off-white suppositories in packages of three with a vaginal applicator. NDC 0462-0348-03 Store at 20��-25��C (68��-77��F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. PharmaDerma division of ALTANA IncDuluth, GA 30096 USAwww.pharmaderm.com IF8384AR12/05#34 -------------------- ZazoleVaginal Suppositories (terconazole vaginal suppositories, 80 mg)
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| dailymed-instance:genericDr... | |
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| dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | |
| dailymed-instance:precautio... |
General: Discontinue use and do not retreat with terconazole if sensitization, irritation, fever, chills, or flu-like symptoms are reported during use. The base contained in the suppository formulation may interact with certain rubber or latex products, such as those used in vaginal contraceptive diaphragms, therefore concurrent use is not recommended.<br/>Laboratory Tests: If there is lack of response to terconazole, appropriate microbiologic studies (standard KOH smear and/or cultures) should be repeated to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other pathogens.<br/>Drug Interactions: The therapeutic effect of this product is not affected by oral contraceptive usage.<br/>Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility:<br/>Carcinogenesis: Studies to determine the carcinogenic potential of terconazole have not been performed.<br/>Mutagenicity: Terconazole was not mutagenic when tested in vitro for induction of microbial point mutations (Ames test), or for inducing cellular transformation, or in vivo for chromosome breaks (micronucleus test) or dominant lethal mutations in mouse germ cells.<br/>Impairment of Fertility: No impairment of fertility occurred when female rats were administered terconazole orally up to 40 mg/kg/day for a three month period.<br/>Pregnancy:<br/>Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C;: There was no evidence of teratogencity when terconazole was administered orally up to 40 mg/kg/day (25��the recommended intravaginal human dose of the suppository formulation) in rats, or 20 mg/kg/day in rabbits, or subcutaneously up to 20 mg/kg/day in rats. Dosages at or below 10 mg/kg/day produced no embryotoxicity; however, there was a delay in fetal ossification at 10 mg/kg/day in rats. There was some evidence of embryotoxicity in rabbits and rats at 20-40 mg/kg. In rats, this was reflected as a decrease in litter size and number of viable young and reduced fetal weight. There was also delay in ossification and an increased incidence of skeletal variants. The no-effect dose of 10 mg/kg/day resulted in a mean peak plasma level of terconazole in pregnant rats of 0.176 mcg/mL which exceeds by 17 times the mean peak plasma level (0.010 mcg/mL) seen in normal subjects after intravaginal administration of terconazole vaginal suppositories. This safety assessment does notaccount for possible exposure of the fetus through direct transfer to terconazole from the irritated vagina by diffusion across amniotic membranes. Since terconazole is absorbed from the human vagina, it should not be used in the first trimester of pregnancy unless the physician considers it essential to the welfare of the patient.<br/>Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Animal studies have shown that rat offspring exposed via the milk of treated (40 mg/kg/orally) dams showed decreased survival during the first few post-partum days, but overall pup weight and weight gain were comparable to or greater than controls throughout lactation. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, and because of the potential for adverse reaction in nursing infants from terconazole, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.<br/>Pediatric Use: Safety and efficacy in children have not been established.<br/>Geriatric Use: Clinical studies of terconazole did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients.
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| dailymed-instance:overdosag... |
Overdose of terconazole in humans has not been reported to date. In the rat, the oral LD 50 values were found to be 1741 and 849 mg/kg for the male and female, respectively. The oral LD 50 values for the male and female dog were 1280 and���640 mg/kg, respectively.
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| dailymed-instance:genericMe... |
terconazole
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| dailymed-instance:fullName |
Zazole (Suppository)
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| dailymed-instance:adverseRe... |
During controlled clinical studies conducted in the United States, 284 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis were treated with terconazole vaginal suppositories 80 mg. Based on comparative analyses with placebo (295 patients), the adverse experiences considered adverse reactions most likely related to terconazole vaginal suppositories 80 mg were headache (30.3% vs. 20.7% with placebo) and pain of the female genitalia (4.2% vs. 0.7% with placebo). Adverse reactions that were reported but were not statistically significantly different from placebo were burning (15.2% vs. 11.2% with placebo) and body pain (3.9% vs. 1.7% with placebo). Fever (2.8% v. 1.4% with placebo) and chills (1.8% vs. 0.7% with placebo) have also been reported. The therapy-related dropout rate was 3.5% and the placebo therapy-related dropout rate was 2.7%. The adverse drug experience on terconazole most frequently causing discontinuation was burning (2.5% vs. 1.4% with placebo) and pruritus (1.8% vs. 1.4% with placebo).
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| dailymed-instance:warning |
None.
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| dailymed-instance:indicatio... |
Zazole Vaginal Suppositories are indicated for the local treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (monilasis). As Zazole Vaginal Suppositories are effective only for vulvovaginitis caused by the genus Candida, the diagnosis should be confirmed by KOH smears and/or cultures.
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| dailymed-instance:name |
Zazole
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