Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/2000
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Potassium Acetate (Injection, Solution, Concentrate)
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dailymed-instance:dosage |
Potassium Acetate Injection, USP, 40 mEq is administered
intravenously only after dilution in a larger
volume of fluid. The dose and rate of administration are dependent
upon the individual needs of the patient. ECG and serum potassium should be
monitored as a guide to dosage. Using aseptic technique, all or part of the
contents of one or more vials may be added to other intravenous fluids to
provide any desired number of milliequivalents (mEq) of potassium (K)
with an equal number of milliequivalents of acetate (CHCOO). Maximum
infusion rate: The infusion rate should not exceed 1 mEq/kg/hr. Normal
daily requirements: Intraosseous infusion can be an alternate route for drug
administration when intravenous access is not readily available. Parenteral
drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration
prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. See PRECAUTIONS.
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dailymed-instance:descripti... |
Potassium Acetate Injection, USP, 40 mEq (2
mEq/mL) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated
solution of potassium acetate in water for injection. The solution
is administered after dilution by the intravenous route as an electrolyte
replenisher. It must not be administered undiluted. Each 20 mL vial contains 3.93 g of potassium
acetate which provides 40 mEq each of potassium (K) and acetate
(CHCOO). It contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial
agent or added buffer. May contain acetic acid for pH adjustment. pH 6.2 (5.5
to 8.0). The osmolar concentration is 4 mOsmol/mL (calc.). The
solution is intended as an alternative to potassium chloride to provide potassium
ion (K) for addition to large volume infusion fluids for intravenous
use. Potassium acetate, USP is chemically designated
CHCOOK, colorless crystals or white crystalline powder very soluble
in water. The semi-rigid vial is fabricated from a
specially formulated polyolefin. It is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene.
The safety of the plastic has been confirmed by tests in animals according
to USP biological standards for plastic containers. The container requires
no vapor barrier to maintain the proper drug concentration.
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dailymed-instance:clinicalP... |
As the principal cation of the intracellular fluid, potassium
plays an important role in fluid and electrolyte balance. The normal potassium
concentration in the intracellular fluid compartment is about 160 mEq/liter.
The normal serum potassium range is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/liter. The kidney normally
regulates potassium balance but does not conserve potassium as well or as
promptly as it conserves sodium. The daily turnover of potassium in the normal
adult averages 50 to 150 mEq (milliequivalents) and represents 1.5 to 5% of
the total potassium content of the body. Acetate (CHCOO),
a source of hydrogen ion acceptors, is an alternate source of bicarbonate
(HCO) by metabolic conversion in the liver.
This has been shown to proceed readily, even in the presence of severe liver
disease.
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dailymed-instance:activeIng... | |
dailymed-instance:contraind... |
Potassium administration is contraindicated in patients with
severe renal insufficiency or adrenal insufficiency and in diseases where
high potassium levels may be encountered.
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dailymed-instance:supply |
Potassium Acetate Injection, USP, 40 mEq (2 mEq/mL) of Kis
supplied in a 20 mL partial-fill single-dose fliptop vial (List 8183). Each
container is partially filled to provide air space for complete vacuum withdrawal
of the contents into the I.V. container. Store at 20
to 25��C (68 to 77��F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] October, 2004 HOSPIRA, INC., LAKE FOREST,
IL 60045 USA
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dailymed-instance:activeMoi... | |
dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | |
dailymed-instance:precautio... |
Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact.
Discard unused portion. Potassium replacement therapy
should be guided primarily by ECG monitoring and secondarily by the serum
potassium level. High plasma concentrations of potassium
may cause death by cardiac depression, arrhythmias or arrest. Use
with caution in the presence of cardiac disease, particularly in digitalized
patients or in the presence of renal disease. Solutions
containing acetate ion should be used with caution as excess administration
may result in metabolic alkalosis.<br/>Pregnancy Category C.: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with
potassium acetate. It is also not known whether potassium acetate can cause
fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction
capacity. Potassium acetate should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly
needed.<br/>Pediatric Use:: The safety and effectiveness of potassium acetate have been
established in pediatric patients.<br/>Geriatric Use:: An evaluation of current literature revealed no clinical
experience identifying differences in response between elderly and younger
patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious,
usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater
frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant
disease or other drug therapy. Potassium ions are known
to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions
may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients
are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in
dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
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dailymed-instance:overdosag... |
In the event of overdosage, discontinue infusion containing
potassium acetate immediately and institute corrective therapy as indicated
to reduce elevated serum potassium levels and restore acid-base balance if
necessary. See WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS.
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dailymed-instance:genericMe... |
Potassium Acetate
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dailymed-instance:fullName |
Potassium Acetate (Injection, Solution, Concentrate)
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dailymed-instance:adverseRe... |
Adverse reactions involve the possibility of potassium intoxication.
The signs and symptoms of potassium intoxication include paresthesias of the
extremities, flaccid paralysis, listlessness, mental confusion, weakness and
heaviness of the legs, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart block, electrocardiographic
abnormalities such as disappearance of P waves, spreading and slurring of
the QRS complex with development of a biphasic curve and cardiac arrest. See
WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.
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dailymed-instance:warning |
Potassium Acetate Injection, USP, 40 mEq must be diluted
before use. To avoid potassium intoxication, infuse
potassium-containing solutions slowly. Potassium replacement therapy should
be monitored whenever possible by continuous or serial electrocardiography
(ECG). Serum potassium levels are not necessarily dependable indicators of
tissue potassium levels. Solutions which contain potassium
ions should be used with great care, if at all, in patients with hyperkalemia,
severe renal failure and in conditions in which potassium retention is present. In
patients with diminished renal function, administration of solutions containing
potassium ions may result in potassium retention. Solutions
containing acetate ions should be used with great care in patients with metabolic
or respiratory alkalosis. Acetate should be administered with great care in
those conditions in which there is an increased level or an impaired utilization
of this ion, such as severe hepatic insufficiency. WARNING:
This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic
levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired.
Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature,
and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain
aluminum. Research indicates that patients with impaired
kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels
of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels
associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may
occur at even lower rates of administration.
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dailymed-instance:indicatio... |
Potassium Acetate Injection, USP, 40 mEq is indicated as
a source of potassium, for the addition to large volume intravenous fluids,
to prevent or correct hypokalemia in patients with restricted or no oral intake.
It is also useful as an additive for preparing specific intravenous fluid
formulas when the needs of the patient cannot be met by standard electrolyte
or nutrient solutions.
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dailymed-instance:name |
Potassium Acetate
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