Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/1950
| Subject | Predicate | Object | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | rdf:type | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | rdf:type | dailymed-instance:drugs | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | rdfs:label | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Dextrose (Injection) | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:dosage | Therapy of ventricular arrhythmias is often initiated with a single IV bolus of 1 mg/kg of Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection USP. Following acute treatment by bolus in patients in whom arrhythmias tend to recur and who are incapable of receiving oral antiarrhythmic agents, intravenous infusion of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 5% Dextrose Injection USP is administered continuously.<br/>Rate of Administration:<br/>Adults (20 to 50 mcg/kg/min):: Pediatric Patients (30 mcg/kg/min). Pharmacokinetic data indicate reduced elimination of lidocaine after prolonged infusion (24 hours) with resultant prolongation of the half-life to approximately three times that seen following a single administration. Failure to adjust the rate of infusion in keeping with this altered ability to eliminate lidocaine may result in toxic accumulation of the drug in the patient's serum. Intravenous infusions of lidocaine hydrochloride must be administered under constant ECG monitoring to avoid potential overdosage and toxicity. Intravenous infusion should be terminated as soon as the patient's basic cardiac rhythm appears to be stable or at the earliest signs of toxicity. It should rarely be necessary to continue intravenous infusions beyond 24 hours. As soon as possible and when indicated, patients should be changed to an oral antiarrhythmic agent for maintenance therapy. Caution: Concentrated solutions of lidocaine hydrochloride (greater than 0.2%) should be administered by carefully calibrated infusion devices.<br/>Pediatric Use: Therapy should be initiated with a single IV bolus of 1 mg/kg of Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection USP. A maintenance intravenous infusion of Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 5% Dextrose Injection USP administered at a recommended infusion rate of 30 mcg/kg/min may be given.<br/>Geriatric Use: Patients with reduced hepatic function or diminished hepatic blood flow (as in heart failure and after cardiac surgery), or those over 70 years of age should receive half the usual loading dose and also should be given lower maintenance levels of intravenous lidocaine. Patients over 65 years may benefit from dosing based upon body weight . Lidocaine hydrochloride should not be added to blood transfusion assemblies. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:descripti... | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 5% Dextrose Injection USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution prepared from lidocaine hydrochloride and dextrose in water for injection. Lidocaine hydrochloride is designated chemically as 2-(Diethylamino)-2',6'-acetoxylidide monohydrochloride. The solution serves as a cardiac antiarrhythmic agent intended for intravenous use. Water for Injection USP qs The formulas of the active ingredients are: The EXCEL Container is Latex-free; PVC-free; and DEHP-free. The plastic container is made from a multilayered film specifically developed for parenteral drugs. It contains no plasticizers and exhibits virtually no leachables. The solution contact layer is a rubberized copolymer of ethylene and propylene. The container is nontoxic and biologically inert. The container-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The container is overwrapped to provide protection from the physical environment and to provide an additional moisture barrier when necessary. The closure system has two ports; the one for the administration set has a tamper evident plastic protector. Refer to the Directions for Use of the container. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:clinicalP... | Lidocaine hydrochloride exerts an antiarrhythmic effect by increasing the electric stimulation threshold of the ventricle during diastole. In usual therapeutic doses, lidocaine hydrochloride produces no change in myocardial contractility, in systemic arterial pressure, or in absolute refractory period. About 90% of an administered dose of the drug is metabolized in the liver. The remaining 10% is excreted unchanged via the kidneys. Lidocaine toxicity is related to systemic blood levels. The decreased clearance and longer half-life of lidocaine should be taken into consideration with prolonged (24 hour) infusions. Constant rate of infusion may result in toxic accumulation of lidocaine. Infusion should be reduced to approximately one-half to compensate for decreased rate of clearance and concomitant or prior administration of propranolol may further increase blood concentrations by as much as 30% in patients without cardiac or hepatic failure. In clinical studies, patients over 65 years showed decreased lidocaine clearance. This was partly due to the tendency of elderly patients to have lower body weight and the increased risk of cardiac failure in these patients. This solution provides approximately 170 calories per liter. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:activeIng... | dailymed-ingredient:Lidocai... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:supply | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 5% Dextrose Injection USP is supplied sterile and nonpyrogenic in Full Fill 500 mL and 250 mL EXCEL Containers packaged 24 per case. Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. Protect from freezing. It is recommended that the product be stored at room temperature (25��C); however, brief exposure up to 40��C does not adversely affect the product. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:activeMoi... | dailymed-ingredient:Lidocai... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:inactiveI... | dailymed-ingredient:Water | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:precautio... | General: Caution should be employed in the repeated use of lidocaine hydrochloride in patients with severe liver or renal disease because accumulation may occur and lead to toxic phenomena, since lidocaine hydrochloride is metabolized mainly in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. The drug should also be used with caution in patients with hypovolemia and shock, and in all forms of heart block . In patients with sinus bradycardia or incomplete heart block, the administration of lidocaine hydrochloride intravenously for the elimination of ventricular ectopic beats without prior acceleration in heart rate (e.g., by isoproterenol or by electric pacing) may promote more frequent and serious ventricular arrhythmias or complete heart block . Most potent anesthetic agents, local anesthetics of the amide type which includes lidocaine, and muscle relaxants of both depolarizing and nondepolarizing types have been associated with malignant hyperthermia. Care should be taken in the administration of intravenous fluids in patients with compromised myocardial function to avoid fluid overload or disturbances of serum electrolyte concentrations which might interfere with cardiac conduction or result in congestive heart failure. Do not use plastic container in series connection. If administration is controlled by a pumping device, care must be taken to discontinue pumping action before the container runs dry or air embolism may result. These solutions are intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment. It is recommended that intravenous administration apparatus be replaced at least once every 24 hours. Use only if solution is clear and container and seals are intact.<br/>Laboratory Tests: Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid-base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation.<br/>Drug Interactions: Lidocaine should be used with caution in patients with digitalis toxicity accompanied by atrioventricular block . Coadministration of propranolol or cimetidine with lidocaine has been reported to reduce clearance from the plasma and may result in toxic accumulation of the drug . When lidocaine is administered with other antiarrhythmic drugs such as phenytoin, procainamide, propranolol, amiodarone, or quinidine, the cardiac effects may be additive or antagonistic and toxic effects may be additive. Phenytoin may stimulate the hepatic metabolism of lidocaine, but the clinical significance of this effect is not known.<br/>Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: Long term animal studies have not been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential of lidocaine; nor have studies been conducted to assess the mutagenic potential of lidocaine or its potential to affect fertility.<br/>Pregnancy:<br/>Teratogenic Effects:<br/>Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Lidocaine Hydrochloride and 5% Dextrose Injection USP is administered to a nursing woman.<br/>Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness of lidocaine has not been established in pediatric patients (neonates to adolescents).<br/>Geriatric Use: Lidocaine is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function . | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:overdosag... | Overdosage results in systemic toxicity . | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:genericMe... | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Dextrose monohydrate | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:fullName | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Dextrose (Injection) | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:adverseRe... | Systemic reactions of the following types have been reported:<br/>Management of Adverse Reactions: | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:indicatio... | Lidocaine hydrochloride administered intravenously is specifically indicated in the acute management of (1) ventricular arrhythmias occurring during cardiac manipulations, such as cardiac surgery and (2) life-threatening arrhythmias which are ventricular in origin, such as occur during acute myocardial infarction. | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:represent... | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:routeOfAd... | http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | lld:dailymed |
| dailymed-drugs:1950 | dailymed-instance:name | Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Dextrose | lld:dailymed |
| http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berli... | dailymed-instance:producesD... | dailymed-drugs:1950 | lld:dailymed |