Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/1775
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Talc (Aerosol, Powder)
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Sterile Talc Powder should be administered after adequate drainage of the effusion. The success of the pleurodesis appears to be related to the completeness of the drainage of the pleural fluid, as well as the full re-expansion of the lung, both of which will promote symphysis of the pleural surfaces. The recommended dose is 5 g, dissolved in 50 - 100 ml Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Although the optimal dose for effective pleurodesis is unknown, 5 g was the dose most frequently reported in the published literature.<br/>Talc Preparation: Prepare the talc slurry using aseptic technique in an appropriate laminar flow hood. Remove talc container from packaging. Remove protective flip-off seal. Each brown bottle contains 5 g of Sterilized Talc Powder. To dispense the contents: NOTICE: Shake well before installation. Each 25 ml of prepared slurry in the syringe contains 1.25 g of talc. NOT FOR IV ADMINISTRATION.<br/>Administration: Administer the talc slurry through the chest tube by gently applying pressure to syringe plunger and empty the contents of the syringe into the chest cavity. After application, discard the empty syringe according to general hospital procedures. After the talc slurry has been administered through the chest tube into the pleural cavity, the chest tube may be flushed with 10- 25 mL sodium chloride solution to ensure that the complete dose of talc is delivered. Following introduction of the talc slurry, the chest drainage tube is clamped, and the patient is asked to move, at 20 to 30 minute intervals, from supine to alternating decubitus positions, so that over a period of about 2 hours the talc is distributed within the chest cavity. Recent evidence suggests that this step may not be necessary. At the end of this period, the chest drainage tube is unclamped, and the excess saline is removed by the routine continual external suction on the tube.
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| dailymed-instance:descripti... |
Sterile Talc Powder is a sclerosing agent intended for intrapleural administration supplied in a single use 100 mL brown glass bottle, sealed with a gray, 20 mm stopper and covered with a flip-off seal. Each bottle contains a minimum of 5.0 g of Talc USP (Ultra 2000 Talc), either white or off-white to light gray, asbestos-free and brucite-free grade of talc of controlled particle size. The composition of the talc is���95% talc as hydrated magnesium silicate. The empirical formula of talc is MgSi(OH)with a molecular weight of 379.3. Associated naturally occurring minerals include chlorite (hydrated aluminum and magnesium silicate.), dolomite (calcium and magnesium carbonate), calcite (calcium carbonate) and quartz. Talc is practically insoluble in water and in dilute solutions of acids and alkali hydroxides. The finished product has been sterilized by gamma irradiation.
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Mechanism of Action: The therapeutic action of talc instilled into the pleural cavity is believed to result from induction of an inflammatory reaction. This reaction promotes adherence of the visceral and parietal pleura, obliterating the pleural space and preventing reaccumulation of pleural fluid. The extent of systemic absorption of talc after intrapleural administration has not been adequately studied. Systemic exposure could be affected by the integrity of the pleural surface, and therefore could be increased if talc is administered immediately following lung resection or biopsy.
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None known
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| dailymed-instance:supply |
NDC 63256-200-05 Sterile Talc Powder is supplied in a 100 mL brown glass bottle containing 5 g of talc. The sterile bottle is closed with a gray stopper and covered with a flip-off seal. Storage: Store at Room Temperature (18-25��C). Protect against sunlight. DISTRIBUTED BY: Bryan Corporation. Woburn, MA 01801 Version: Original Sep 2003
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1. Future procedures: The possibility of the future diagnostic and therapeutic procedures involving the hemithorax to be treated must be considered prior to administering Sterile Talc Powder. Sclerosis of the pleural space may preclude subsequent diagnostic procedures of the pleura on the treated side. Talc sclerosis may complicate or preclude future ipsilateral lung resective surgery, including pneumonectomy for transplantation purposes. 2. Use in potentially curable disease: Talc has no known antineoplastic activity and should not be used alone for potentially curable malignancies where systemic therapy would be more appropriate, e.g., a malignant effusion secondary to a potentially curable lymphoma. 3. Pulmonary complications: Acute Pneumonitis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) have been reported in association with intrapleural talc administration. Three of the case reports of ARDS have occurred after treatment with a relatively large talc dose (10 g) administered via intrapleural chest tube instillation. One patient died one month post treatment and two patients recovered without further sequelae.<br/>DRUG INTERACTIONS: It is not known whether the effectiveness of a second sclerosing agent after prior talc pleurodesis would be diminished by the absorptive properties of talc. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: Studies on the carcinogenicity of talc have been performed using non-standard designs which prevent firm conclusions on its carcinogenicity. With single intraperitoneal administration to mice at 20 mg and observation for at least 6 months or 4 weeklydoses administered intraperitoneally at 25 mg/dose to rats with observation for at least 84 weeks, tumor incidence was not increased. In these studies the talc and its asbestos content were not characterized. Genotoxicity was tested in cultures of rat pleural mesothelial cells (RPMC) as unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). None of the talc samples (which were asbestos-free) induced enhancement of UDS or SCEs in treated cultures. No information is available on impairment of fertility in animals by talc. Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category B. An oral administration study has been performed in the rabbit at 900 mg/kg. Approximately 5 fold higher than a human dose on mg/mbasis, and has revealed no evidence of teratogenicity due to talc. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefit outweighs the risk. Pediatric Use: The safety and efficacy of Sterile Talc Powder in pediatric patients have not been established. Geriatric use: The estimated mean and median ages of patients treated with talc slurry from clinical studies (single-arm or randomized) were 60 and 62 years, respectively. No analyses to specifically evaluate the safety and efficacy in the geriatric population have been reported.
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| dailymed-instance:overdosag... |
No definite relationship between dose and toxicity has been established. Excessive talc may be partially removed with saline lavage.
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| dailymed-instance:genericMe... |
Talc
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| dailymed-instance:fullName |
Talc (Aerosol, Powder)
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| dailymed-instance:adverseRe... |
Intrathoracic administration of talc slurry has been described in medical literature reports involving more that 2000 patients. Patients with malignant pleural effusions were treated with talc via poudrage or slurry. In general, with respect to reported adverse experiences, it is difficult to distinguish the effects of talc from the effects of the procedure(s) associated with its administration. The most often reported adverse experiences to intrapleurally-administered talc were fever and pain. Infection: Complications reported include empyema. Respiratory: Complications reported include hypoxemia, dyspnea, unilateral pulmonary edema, pneumonia, ARDS, brochopleural fistula, hemoptysis and pulmonary emboli. Cardiovascular: Complications reported included tachycardia, myocardial infarction, hypotension, hypovolemia and asystolic arrest Delivery Procedure: Adverse reactions due to the delivery procedure and the chest tube may include: pain, infection at the site of thoracostomy or thoracoscopy, localized bleeding, and subcutaneous emphysema. Chronic Toxicity: Since patients in clinical studies had a limited life expectancy, data on chronic toxicity are limited
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None
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| dailymed-instance:indicatio... |
Sterile Talc Powder, administered intrapleurally via chest tube, is indicated as a sclerosing agent to decrease the recurrence of malignant pleural effusions in symptomatic patients.
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Talc
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