Source:http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/dailymed/resource/drugs/1473
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Dextrose (Injection, Solution, Concentrate)
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| dailymed-instance:dosage |
Concentrated Dextrose in Water is administered by
slow intravenous infusion (a) after admixture with amino acid solutions
or (b) after dilution with other compatible I.V. fluids. Dosage should
be adjusted to meet the requirements of each individual patient. The maximum rate at which dextrose can be infused
without producing glycosuria is 0.5 g/kg of body weight /hr.
About 95% of the dextrose is retained when infused at a rate of 0.8 g/kg/hr. Clinical evaluation and periodic laboratory determinations
are necessary to monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations,
and acid-base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever
the condition of the patient warrants such evaluation. A list of nutritional admixture values is appended. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually
for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration,
whenever solution and container permit. See PRECAUTIONS.<br/>Drug Interaction: Additives may be incompatible. Consult with pharmacist,
if available. When introducing additives, use aseptic technique, mixthoroughly and do not store. Some opacity
of the plastic due to moisture absorption during sterilization process
may be observed. This is normal and does not affect the solution quality
or safety. The opacity will diminish gradually. WARNING: Do not use flexible container
in series connections.
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| dailymed-instance:descripti... |
10% Dextrose Injection, USP (concentrated dextrose
in water) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, hypertonic solution of Dextrose,
USP in water for injection for intravenous administration after appropriate
admixture or dilution. 10% Dextrose Injection,
USP is provided as a 500 mL volume in a 1000 mL partial-fill container.
The container is designed to facilitate admixture or dilution. See table under HOW SUPPLIED for summary of content
and characteristics of this concentrated solution. The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or
added buffer and is intended only for use as a single-dose injection
following admixture or dilution. The flexible
plastic container is fabricated from a specially formulated polyvinyl
chloride. Water can permeate from inside the container into the overwrap
but not in amounts sufficient to affect the solution significantly.
Solutions in contact with the plastic container may leach out certain
chemical components from the plastic in very small amounts; however,
biological testing was supportive of the safety of the plastic container
materials. Exposure to temperatures above 25��C/77��F during
transport and storage will lead to minor losses in moisture content.
Higher temperatures lead to greater losses. It is unlikely that these
minor losses will lead to clinically significant changes within the
expiration period. Dextrose Injection, USP
is a parenteral fluid and nutrient replenisher. Dextrose Injection, USP is chemically designated D-glucose monohydrate
(CHO���HO),
a hexose sugar freely soluble in water. It has the following structural
formula: Water for Injection, USP is chemically designated HO.
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| dailymed-instance:clinicalP... |
When administered intravenously, solutions containing
carbohydrate in the form of dextrose restore blood glucose levels
and provide calories. Carbohydrate in the form of dextrose may aid
in minimizing liver glycogen depletion and exerts a protein sparing
action. Dextrose Injection, USP undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide
and water. Water is an essential constituent
of all body tissues and accounts for approximately 70% of total body
weight. Average normal adult daily requirement ranges from two to
three liters (1.0 to 1.5 liters each for insensible water loss by
perspiration and urine production, respectively). Water balance is maintained by various regulatory mechanisms.
Water distribution depends primarily on the concentration of electrolytes
in the body compartments, and sodium (Na) plays a major
role in maintaining physiologic equilibrium.
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| dailymed-instance:contraind... |
A concentrated dextrose solution should not be used
when intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage is present nor in the
presence of delirium tremens if the patient is already dehydrated. Dextrose Injection, USP without electrolytes should
not be administered simultaneously with blood through the same infusion
set because of the possibility that pseudoagglutination of red cells
may occur.
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| dailymed-instance:supply |
10% Dextrose Injection, USP is supplied in single-dose,
partial-fill, flexible containers as follows: a 500 mL volume in a
1000 mL container (List 7938). See the following table. *Caloric value calculated on the basis of 3.4 kcal/g
of dextrose, hydrous. Store at 20 to 25��C
(68 to 77��F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Protect
from freezing. Covered by one or more of the
following US patents: 4,368,765. Revised: July,
2006 Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA
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| dailymed-instance:precautio... |
Electrolyte deficits, particularly in serum potassium
and phosphate, may occur during prolonged use of concentrated dextrose
solutions. Blood electrolyte monitoring is essential, and fluid and
electrolyte imbalances should be corrected. Essential vitamins and
minerals also should be provided as needed. Solutions containing dextrose should be used with caution in
patients with known subclinical or overt diabetes mellitus. Care should be exercised to insure that the needle
(or catheter) is well within the lumen of the vein and that extravasation
does not occur. Concentrated dextrose solutionsshould not be administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. Do not administer unless solution is clear and container
is undamaged. Discard unused portion.<br/>Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted
with dextrose. It is also not known whether dextrose can cause fetal
harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction
capacity. Dextrose should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly
needed. This product contains no more than
25 mcg/L of aluminum.
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| dailymed-instance:overdosag... |
In the event of overhydration or solute overload
during therapy, re-evaluate the patient and institute appropriate
corrective measures. See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.
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| dailymed-instance:genericMe... |
Dextrose monohydrate
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| dailymed-instance:fullName |
Dextrose (Injection, Solution, Concentrate)
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| dailymed-instance:adverseRe... |
Hyperosmolar syndrome, resulting from excessively
rapid administration of concentrated dextrose may cause hypovolemia,
dehydration, mental confusion and/or loss of consciousness. Reactions which may occur because of the solution
or the technique of administration include febrile response, infection
at the site of injection, venous thrombosis or phlebitis extending
from the site of injection, extravasation and hypervolemia. If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the
infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic
countermeasures and save the remainder of the fluid for examination
if deemed necessary.
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| dailymed-instance:warning |
Concentrated dextrose in water should be administered
only after suitable dilution. Hypertonic dextrose solutions should
be given slowly. Significant hyperglycemia and possible hyperosmolar
syndrome may result from too rapid administration. The physician should
be aware of the symptoms of hyperosmolar syndrome, such as mental
confusion and loss of consciousness, especially in patients with chronic
uremia and those with known carbohydrate intolerance. The intravenous administration of this solution can cause fluid
and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte
concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema. WARNING: This product contains aluminum that may be
toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration
if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly
at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large
amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum. Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney
function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels
of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum
at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity.
Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration. FOR PERIPHERAL VEIN
ADMINISTRATION Hypertonic dextrose
solutions (above 5% concentration) should be given slowly, preferably
through a small bore needle into a large vein, to minimize venous
irritation. FOR CENTRAL VENOUS ADMINISTRATION Concentrated dextrose should be administered via central vein after
appropriate admixture or dilution when required.
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| dailymed-instance:indicatio... |
10% Dextrose Injection, USP (concentrated dextrose
in water) in a partial-fill container is indicated for admixture with
amino acids or dilution with other compatible I.V. fluids to provide
a 5% final dextrose concentration for intravenous infusion in patients
whose condition requires parenteral nutrition.
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| dailymed-instance:name |
Dextrose
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