| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| rdf:type | |
| http://www.biopax.org/relea... | |
| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
Plasminogen
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
PLMN_HUMAN
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... | |
| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
3.4.21.7,
Activation peptide,
Angiostatin,
Plasmin heavy chain A,
Plasmin heavy chain A, short form,
Plasmin light chain B
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
FUNCTION: Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells. FUNCTION: Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Preferential cleavage: Lys-|-Xaa > Arg-|-Xaa; higher selectivity than trypsin. Converts fibrin into soluble products. ENZYME REGULATION: Converted into plasmin by plasminogen activators, both plasminogen and its activator being bound to fibrin. Activated with catalytic amounts of streptokinase. Plasmin activity inhibited by SERPINE2. SUBUNIT: Interacts (both mature PLG and the angiostatin peptide) with CSPG4 and AMOT. Interacts (via the Kringle domains) with HRG; the interaction tethers PLG to the cell surface and enhances its activation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Note=Locates to the cell surface where it is proteolytically cleaved to produce the active plasmin. Interaction with HRG tethers it to the cell surface. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Present in plasma and many other extracellular fluids. It is synthesized in the liver. DOMAIN: Kringle domains mediate interaction with CSPG4. PTM: N-linked glycan contains N-acetyllactosamine and sialic acid. O-linked glycans consist of Gal-GalNAc disaccharide modified with up to 2 sialic acid residues (microheterogeneity). PTM: In the presence of the inhibitor, the activation involves only cleavage after Arg-580, yielding two chains held together by two disulfide bonds. In the absence of the inhibitor, the activation involves additionally the removal of the activation peptide. DISEASE: Defects in PLG are a cause of susceptibility to thrombosis (THR) [MIM:188050]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. DISEASE: Defects in PLG are the cause of plasminogen deficiency (PLGD) [MIM:217090]. PLGD is characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa. MISCELLANEOUS: Plasmin is inactivated by alpha-2-antiplasmin immediately after dissociation from the clot. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasminogen subfamily. SIMILARITY: Contains 5 kringle domains. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PAN domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain. WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Plasmin entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmin"; WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/plg/"; COPYRIGHT: Protein annotation is derived from the UniProt Consortium (http://www.uniprot.org/). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
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