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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... | |
| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
Tubulin alpha-3 chain
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
TBA3_MOUSE
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... | |
| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
Alpha-tubulin 3/7,
Alpha-tubulin isotype M-alpha-3/7,
Tubulin alpha-3/alpha-7 chain
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| http://www.biopax.org/relea... |
FUNCTION: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha-chain. SUBUNIT: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Alpha-3 and alpha-7 are identical but coded by two different genes, they are testis-specific. PTM: Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTCP) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively (By similarity). PTM: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are either polyglutamylated or polyglycylated. These 2 modifications occur exclusively on glutamate residues and result in either polyglutamate or polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of such modifications is still unclear but they are regulate the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules. PTM: Acetylation of alpha-tubulins at Lys-40 stabilizes microtubules and affects affinity and processivity of microtubule motors. This modification has a role in multiple cellular functions, ranging from cell motility, cell cycle progression or cell differentiation to intracellular trafficking and signaling (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tubulin family. GENE SYNONYMS: Tuba3 Tuba7. COPYRIGHT: Protein annotation is derived from the UniProt Consortium (http://www.uniprot.org/). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
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