| pubmed-article:8995121 | pubmed:abstractText | This article reviews the differential diagnoses for solid renal masses and staging for renal cell carcinoma, and also discusses several areas of controversy in regard to the management of solid renal masses, such as the role of nephron-sparing surgery, extended lymphadenectomy, and ipsilateral adrenalectomy. The management of renal cell carcinoma associated with tumor thrombus within the vena cava is discussed, as are issues regarding both surgical and medical management (including chemotherapy and immunotherapy) of metastatic disease. Lastly, the emerging role of laparoscopic nephrectomy is examined. | lld:pubmed |
