| pubmed-article:2398895 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034721 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034693 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0037663 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0017337 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0043442 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0033413 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1522492 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:issue | 10 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:dateCreated | 1990-10-18 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:abstractText | The complete DNA sequence of the 1.7 kilobase pairs (kbp) 5' of the rat growth hormone gene (rGH) has been determined and analyzed for Z-DNA-forming potential. Regions of alternating purine-pyrimidine (APP) sequences located between -1047 and -986 [(GT)31], between -445 and -433 bp, and between -426 and -403 bp relative to the rGH RNA transcription initiation site were identified and shown to form Z-DNA in negatively supercoiled plasmids by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Free-energy calculations indicated that Z-DNA forms most readily in the proximal Z-DNA regions. Diethyl pyrocarbonate footprinting of physiologically supercoiled plasmid DNA confirmed the presence of Z-DNA from -444 to -404 bp spanning the two most proximal APP sequences and a short non-APP sequence in between. DNA sequence analysis also predicted a region of DNA curvature near this proximal Z-DNA region. Formation of Z-DNA in the distal Z-DNA region consisting of a (GT)31 repeat was constrained at physiological plasmid superhelical densities. This may be related to the presence of DNA sequences (-1584 to -1559) 512 bp upstream of (GT)31 that undergo cruciform formation and thereby utilize the available free energy. Removal of 580 bp containing the cruciform region resulted in Z-DNA formation within (GT)31, thus demonstrating that deletion mutations can exert topological changes at a distance within the rGH 5'-flanking region. Methylation of two specific cytosines in the rGH 5'-flanking DNA that have been associated with inhibition of rGH promoter activity had no effect on Z-DNA formation. No evidence for DNA secondary structure formation within the rGH second exon-intron or 3'-flanking region was observed. We conclude that the rGH 5'-flanking region undergoes secondary-structure formation at physiological superhelical densities, thus providing a potential mechanism(s) for modulating rGH activity. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:month | Oct | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:issn | 0270-7306 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ThomasM JMJ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:StroblJ SJS | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:FreelandT MTM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:volume | 10 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:pagination | 5378-87 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2009-11-18 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:2398895-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:year | 1990 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:2398895 | pubmed:articleTitle | Z-DNA formation in the rat growth hormone gene promoter region. | lld:pubmed |
