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pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:abstractTextAutophagy is a catabolic cellular process involving self-digestion and turnover of macromolecules and entire organelles. Autophagy is primarily a protective process in response to cellular stress, but it can be associated with cell death. Genetic evidence also supports autophagy function as a tumor suppressor mechanism. To identify specific regulators to autophagy, we screened the Lopac 1280 and the Prestwick chemical libraries using a cell-based screening system with autophagy marker (green fluorescence protein conjugated LC3 protein (GFP-LC3)). We identified ARP101, a selective matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) inhibitor as one of the most potent inducer of autophagy. ARP101 treatment was highly effective in inducing the formation of autophagosome and conversion of LC3I into LC3II. Moreover, ARP101-induced autophagy was completely blocked in mouse embryo fibroblasts that lacked autophagy related gene 5 (ATG5(-/-) MEF). Interestingly, cell death induced by ARP101 was not inhibited by zVAD, a pan caspase inhibitor, whereas, it was efficiently suppressed by addition of 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor. These results suggest that the selective MMP-2 inhibitor, ARP101, induces autophagy and autophagy-associated cell death.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:KimJin...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:ChoDong-Hyung...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:HwangJung...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:ShinJi HyunJHlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:KimYunhaYlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:JoYoon...lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:authorpubmed-author:ParkSo JungSJlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:copyrightInfoCopyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:issnTypeElectroniclld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:volume404lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:pagination1039-43lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:year2011lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:articleTitleARP101, a selective MMP-2 inhibitor, induces autophagy-associated cell death in cancer cells.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:affiliationInstitute for Innovative Cancer Research, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:21187062pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed