| pubmed-article:21111777 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0002331 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0024400 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2349975 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1522673 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1280519 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0720492 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:issue | 5 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2011-1-24 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:abstractText | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP) without a transgene (null VRP) have been used to adjuvant effective humoral [1], cellular [2], and mucosal [3] immune responses in mice. To assess the adjuvant activity of null VRP in the context of a licensed inactivated influenza virus vaccine, rhesus monkeys were immunized with Fluzone(®) alone or Fluzone(®) mixed with null VRP and then challenged with a human seasonal influenza isolate, A/Memphis/7/2001 (H1N1). Compared to Fluzone(®) alone, Fluzone(®)+null VRP immunized animals had stronger influenza-specific CD4(+) T cell responses (4.4 fold) with significantly higher levels of virus-specific IFN-? (7.6 fold) and IL-2 (5.3 fold) producing CD4+ T cells. Fluzone(®)+null VRP immunized animals also had significantly higher plasma anti-influenza IgG (p<0.0001, 1.3 log) and IgA (p<0.05, 1.2 log) levels. In fact, the mean plasma anti-influenza IgG titers after one Fluzone(®)+null VRP immunization was 1.2 log greater (p<0.04) than after two immunizations with Fluzone(®) alone. After virus challenge, only Fluzone(®)+null VRP immunized monkeys had a significantly lower level of viral replication (p<0.001) relative to the unimmunized control animals. Although little anti-influenza antibody was detected in the respiratory secretions after immunization, strong anamnestic anti-influenza IgG and IgA responses were present in secretions of the Fluzone(®)+null VRP immunized monkeys immediately after challenge. There were significant inverse correlations between influenza RNA levels in tracheal lavages and plasma anti-influenza HI and IgG anti-influenza antibody titers prior to challenge. These results demonstrate that null VRP dramatically improve both the immunogenicity and protection elicited by a licensed inactivated influenza vaccine. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:month | Jan | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:issn | 1873-2518 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:JohnstonRober... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MillerChristo... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:McChesneyMich... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:FrittsLindaL | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BarroMarioM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CarrollTimoth... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MatzingerShan... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:copyrightInfo | Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:day | 29 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:volume | 29 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:pagination | 931-40 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2011-10-6 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21111777... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:year | 2011 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:articleTitle | Alphavirus replicon-based adjuvants enhance the immunogenicity and effectiveness of Fluzone ® in rhesus macaques. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:affiliation | Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. tdcarroll@ucdavis.edu | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21111777 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:21111777 | lld:pubmed |
