| pubmed-article:19915048 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0086418 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0004561 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0007589 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0166417 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0003261 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0023688 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2349975 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1511938 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:issue | 11 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2009-11-20 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:abstractText | Protective humoral immune responses critically depend on the optimal differentiation of B cells into Ab-secreting cells. Because of the important role of Abs in fighting infections and in successful vaccination, it is imperative to identify mediators that control B cell differentiation. Activation of B cells through TLR9 by CpG-DNA induces plasma cell differentiation and Ab production. Herein, we examined the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma/RXRalpha pathway on human B cell differentiation. We demonstrated that activated B cells up-regulate their expression of PPARgamma. We also show that nanomolar levels of natural (15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2)) or synthetic (rosiglitazone) PPARgamma ligands enhanced B cell proliferation and significantly stimulated plasma cell differentiation and Ab production. Moreover, the addition of GW9662, a specific PPARgamma antagonist, abolished these effects. Retinoid X receptor (RXR) is the binding partner for PPARgamma and is required to produce an active transcriptional complex. The simultaneous addition of nanomolar concentrations of the RXRalpha ligand (9-cis-retinoic acid) and PPARgamma ligands to CpG-activated B cells resulted in additive effects on B cell proliferation, plasma cell differentiation, and Ab production. Furthermore, PPARgamma ligands alone or combined with 9-cis-retinoic acid enhanced CpG-induced expression of Cox-2 and the plasma cell transcription factor BLIMP-1. Induction of these important regulators of B cell differentiation provides a possible mechanism for the B cell-enhancing effects of PPARgamma ligands. These new findings indicate that low doses of PPARgamma/RXRalpha ligands could be used as a new type of adjuvant to stimulate Ab production. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:citationSubset | AIM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:month | Dec | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:issn | 1550-6606 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:PhippsRichard... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:Simpson-Haida... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BagloleCaroly... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MurantThomas... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BernardMatthe... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:Garcia-BatesT... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:day | 1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:volume | 183 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:pagination | 6903-12 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2011-9-26 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19915048... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19915048... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19915048... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19915048... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19915048... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:year | 2009 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:articleTitle | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands enhance human B cell antibody production and differentiation. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19915048 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
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