Little is known about the optimal management of impending paradoxical embolism (IPDE), a biatrial thromboembolus caught in transit across a patent foramen ovale. Our aim was to review observational studies on this subject to identify prognostic factors and to compare mortality and systemic embolism between treatments.
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University School of Medicine, 4, rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. patrick.myers@hcuge.ch
