| pubmed-article:15201437 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0026339 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034721 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034693 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0026336 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1512409 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1704686 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2349975 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0064401 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0058157 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1627358 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:issue | 1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2004-8-12 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:abstractText | Kojic acid (KA) has been used as a food additive for preventing enzymatic browning of crustaceans and as a cosmetic agent for skin whitening. In the present experiments, effects of KA on the induction of hepatic pre-neoplastic lesions in N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine-initiated (experiment 1) and non-initiated (experiment 2) models, and its promoting influence in a medium-term liver bioassay (experiment 3) were investigated at dietary doses of up to 2% in male F344 rats. In experiment 1, 2% KA feeding induced significant increases in numbers (22.3 +/- 13.0 vs 8.5 +/- 3.4 in the 0%) and areas (0.37 +/- 0.29 vs 0.05 +/- 0.03 in the 0%) of glutathione-S-transferase P form (GST-P)-positive foci and toxic changes such as vacuolation of hepatocytes and microgranulomas. The development of GST-P-positive foci was pronounced in the animals with hepatocellular toxic changes. In experiment 2, numbers (0.65 +/- 0.57 vs 0.17 +/- 0.28 in the 0%) and areas (0.005 +/- 0.005 vs 0.0007 +/- 0.0012 in the 0%) of GST-P-positive foci and hepatocellular proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression (3.8 +/- 2.3 vs 2.6 +/- 0.7 in the 0%) were significantly increased by the 2% treatment. The PCNA-positive hepatocytes were abundantly localized around the vacuolated and granulomatous legions in both experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 3, significant increases in numbers (16.9 +/- 3.2 vs 8.4 +/- 2.7 in the 0%) and areas (1.62 +/- 0.39 vs 0.77 +/- 0.34 in the 0%) of GST-P-positive foci were again observed with 2% KA. These results demonstrate tumor-promoting and possible hepatocarcinogenic activity of KA at 2%, but the carcinogenic potential is likely to be weak. This study also indicated that enhanced replication of hepatocytes related to toxic changes might be involved as an underlying mechanism. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:month | Sep | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:issn | 1096-6080 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ImaiToshioT | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:TamuraToruT | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:TakizawaTamot... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:UedaMakotoM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HiroseMasaoM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MitsumoriKuni... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:OnoseJun-ichi... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:IzumiKeisukeK | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:volume | 81 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:pagination | 43-9 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2010-9-17 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:15201437... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:year | 2004 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:articleTitle | Enhancement of hepatocarcinogenesis by kojic acid in rat two-stage models after initiation with N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine or N-diethylnitrosamine. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:affiliation | Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:15201437 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
