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pubmed-article:12933801pubmed:abstractTextSurfactant protein C (SP-C) is a lung-specific protein that is synthesized as a 21-kDa integral membrane propeptide (pro-SP-C) and proteolytically processed to a 3.7-kDa secretory product. Previous studies have shown that palmitoylation of pro-SP-C is dependent on two N-terminal juxtamembrane positively charged residues. We hypothesized that these residues influence modification of pro-SP-C by directing transmembrane orientation. Double substitution mutation of these juxtaposed residues from positive to neutral charged species resulted in complete reversal of transmembrane orientation of pro-SP-C and total abrogation of post-translational processing. Mutation of a single residue resulted in mixed orientation. Protein trafficking studies in A549 cells showed that while the double mutant was retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, single mutants produced a mixed pattern of both endoplasmic reticulum (double mutant-like) and vesicular (wild type-like) expression. Our study demonstrates the crucial role juxtamembrane positively charged residues play in establishing membrane topology and their influence on the trafficking and processing of pro-SP-C. Moreover this study provides a likely precedent for a mechanism in disorders associated with mutations in the membrane-flanking region of integral membrane proteins.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:12933801pubmed:articleTitleProcessing of surfactant protein C requires a type II transmembrane topology directed by juxtamembrane positively charged residues.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:12933801pubmed:affiliationLung Epithelial Cell Biology Laboratories, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, USA. mulugeta@mail.med.upenn.edulld:pubmed
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