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pubmed-article:12098517pubmed:abstractTextSubstance P (SP), a potent modulator of neuroimmunoregulation, exerts its activity by binding to the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R). The SP-NK-1R interaction is important in inflammation and viral infections, including HIV infection of human immune cells. We recently demonstrated that SP modulates HIV replication and that a non-peptide SP antagonist CP-96,345 inhibits HIV replication in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) by affecting the SP-NK-1R interaction. In order to examine the effect of the SP antagonist on SP mRNA expression, MDM was incubated with or without CP-96,345 in the presence or absence of HIV infection. SP mRNA expression in these cells was then determined by real-time PCR technology. The effect of CP-96,345 on chemokine gene expression was also investigated by using a cDNA array assay. CP-96,345 down-regulated SP mRNA expression and antagonized exogenous SP-enhanced SP expression at the mRNA level, suggesting that SP autocrine regulation was interrupted by CP-96,345. CP-96,345 inhibited HIV replication in MDM, associated with down-regulated SP mRNA expression in comparison to HIV infection controls. In parallel with down-regulated SP and CCR5 mRNA expression, cDNA array assays indicated that CP-96,345 treatment also inhibited IL-8 gene expression, while enhancing expression of fractalkine and monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3). Since SP plays an important role in inflammation and viral infections, these studies may have potential applications for therapeutic intervention of inflammation and viral infection of immune cells.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:12098517pubmed:articleTitleA non-peptide substance P antagonist down-regulates SP mRNA expression in human mononuclear phagocytes.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:12098517pubmed:affiliationDivision of Immunologic and Infectious Diseases, Joseph Stokes Jr. Research Institute at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:12098517pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
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