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pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:abstractTextBacillus megaterium P450 BM3 is a fatty acid hydroxylase with selectivity for long chain substrates (C(12)-C(20)). Binding or activity with substrates of chain length <C(12) has not been reported. Rational mutagenesis was used to re-design the enzyme to encourage binding of short chain fatty acids (C(4)-C(10)). We show that wild-type P450 BM3 has activity and weak affinity for substrates as short as butyrate (C(4)). However, turnover/binding of short chain substrates is dramatically increased by introducing a novel substrate carboxylate binding site close to the heme. Mutant L181K shows catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(M)) increased >13-fold with butyrate, while the L75T/L181K double mutant has k(cat)/K(M) increased >15-fold with hexanoate and binding (K(d)) improved >28-fold for butyrate. Removing the arginine 47/lysine 51 carboxylate binding motif at the mouth of the active site disfavours binding of all fatty acids, indicating its importance in the initial recognition of substrates.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:pagination173-7lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:dateRevised2008-11-21lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:articleTitleRational re-design of the substrate binding site of flavocytochrome P450 BM3.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:11113461pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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