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pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:abstractTextHIV-1 infection results in a dementing illness affecting 20% of patients with AIDS. Several HIV-1 genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-induced neurological disease. To search for distinct HIV-1 sequences associated with the development of dementia, brain-derived tat, env, and pol sequences were examined from AIDS patients defined pre-mortem as demented (HIV-D)[n=5] or non-demented (HIV-ND)[n=5]. Estimations of evolutionary distances and frequency of non-synonymous mutation rates revealed significant differences between brain-derived tat, env, and pol-encoded reverse transcriptase sequences. However, established zidovudine-associated resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase sequences were identified in only one HIV-D and one HIV-ND patient despite prolonged treatment of some patients. Non-synonymous/synonymous substitution rates among the tat sequences derived from patients with HIV-D were significantly higher compared to the HIV-ND group (P < 0.001). The ratios of transversions to transitions were also significantly higher among the HIV-D tat sequences (P< 0.01). Phylogenetic analyses showed clustering of sequences from each clinical group among the brain-derived tat and env sequences. These studies indicated that differing selective forces act on individual HIV-1 genes in the brain which may influence the development of dementia.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:pagination387-93lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:dateRevised2007-11-14lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:articleTitleBrain-derived HIV-1 tat sequences from AIDS patients with dementia show increased molecular heterogeneity.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9718130pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.lld:pubmed
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