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pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:abstractTextEffects of methylcobalamin (methyl-B12), a putative drug for treating human circadian rhythm disorders, on the melatonin-induced circadian phase shifts were examined in the rat. An intraperitoneal injection of 1-100 microg/kg melatonin 2-h before the activity onset time (CT 10) induced phase advances of free-running activity rhythms in a dose-dependent manner (ED50=1.3 microg/kg). Injection of methyl-B12 (500 microg/kg) prior to melatonin (1 microg/kg) injection induced larger phase advances than saline preinjected controls, while the injection of methyl-B12 in combination with saline did not induce a phase advance. These results indicate amplification of melatonin-induced phase advances by methyl-B12. Pinealectomy abolished the phase alternating effect of methyl-B12, suggesting a site of action within the pineal gland. In fact, methyl-B12 significantly increased the content of melatonin in the pineal collected 2-h after activity onset (CT 14). In contrast, no difference in melatonin content was found at CT 10, indicating that the effect of methyl-B12 may be gated after the activity onset time when endogenous melatonin synthesis is known to increase. These results suggest that methyl-B12 amplifies melatonin-induced phase advances via an increase in melatonin synthesis during the early subjective night at a point downstream from the clock regulation.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:copyrightInfoCopyright 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:pagination98-104lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:dateRevised2006-11-15lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:year1998lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:articleTitleMethylcobalamin amplifies melatonin-induced circadian phase shifts by facilitation of melatonin synthesis in the rat pineal gland.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:affiliationAdvanced Research Center for Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan. msikeda@mn.waseda.ac.jplld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9622603pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed