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pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:abstractTextX-ray fiber diffraction is potentially powerful in solving the atomic structure of filamentous assemblies of macromolecules, as demonstrated for tobacco mosaic virus. However, it requires extremely well-oriented sols to allow for extraction of intensities on closely located layer-lines. A high degree of orientation requires a high filament concentration to restrain the orientational freedom, but orienting concentrated sols is hampered by their high viscosity. Here, we report a systematic method that reproducibly produces extremely good orientation, which involves three steps; liquid crystallization, centrifugation and magnetic orientation. We found that a slow centrifugation can trigger a dynamic self-orientation process to form perfectly homogeneous liquid-crystalline sols, and further centrifugation to concentrate sols followed by magnetic orientation produces exceptionally well-oriented sols. The best-oriented flagellar sol showed a disorientation angle of 0.6 degrees as 1sigma of its Gaussian distribution. The new method has been successfully applied to many other systems, such as tobacco mosaic virus and F-actin.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:issn0022-2836lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:authorpubmed-author:NambaKKlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:authorpubmed-author:SuzukiHHlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:authorpubmed-author:YamashitaIIlld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:copyrightInfoCopyright 1998 Academic Press Limited.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:pagination609-15lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:dateRevised2006-11-15lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:year1998lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:articleTitleMultiple-step method for making exceptionally well-oriented liquid-crystalline sols of macromolecular assemblies.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:affiliationInternational Institute for Advanced Research, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd, 3-4 Hikaridai, Seika, 619-02, Japan.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:9600842pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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